TY - JOUR
T1 - 35 years of standardization and research on fracture of polymers, polymer composites and adhesives in ESIS TC4
T2 - 26th International Conference on Fracture and Structural Integrity, IGF26 2021
AU - Brunner, Andreas J.
AU - Warnet, Laurent
AU - Blackman, Bamber R.K.
N1 - Funding Information:
Contributions from and discussions with many past and current members of ESIS TC4 are gratefully acknowledged. Special thanks go to the TC4 session leaders who have developed protocols, organized round robins and diligently analysed data, and finally drafted documents for standardization; special thanks also go to Professors Andrea Pavan (Politecnico di Milano), John-Alan Pascoe (TU Delft), Masaki Hojo (Kyoto University), Tony Kinloch (Imperial College London), and Rhys Jones (Monash University) for discussion and valuable suggestions on essential aspects of this manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2021/11/20
Y1 - 2021/11/20
N2 - Since its first meeting in 1985, ESIS TC4 has held regular semiannual meetings with between 15 and 35 participants, has organized a series of conferences (the first in 1994, then triennial since 1999) and has developed six ISO test standards on the fracture of polymers, polymer composites and adhesives with another two currently going through ISO standardization and ballots, and several more under development. The activities have also resulted in publications, including two books and two review papers. Initial activities focused on round robins providing test methods for determination of fracture properties for, e.g., technical data sheets, quality assurance, materials selection, or materials development and optimization and materials modelling. These procedures defined standard specimens, test rigs and test conditions. For polymers, standards for specific ranges of loading rate and for composites and adhesively bonded joints, procedures for different loading modes and mode mixes were developed. Recently, standard composite specimens with unidirectional fiber orientation were shown to overestimate the delamination resistance of multidirectional laminates under cyclic fatigue loading. First round robin data from the environmental stress cracking tests show the potential for discriminating between the different susceptibilities of polymers to environmentally induced fracture. Future activities will include elastomeric materials, simulation and modelling in combination with experiments or prediction of fracture behavior. Another topic of recent interest concerns digital tools, e.g., image analysis, automated data acquisition, data fitting and analysis. Guidelines on how to best reduce extrinsic scatter and eliminate human errors will improve the data quality.
AB - Since its first meeting in 1985, ESIS TC4 has held regular semiannual meetings with between 15 and 35 participants, has organized a series of conferences (the first in 1994, then triennial since 1999) and has developed six ISO test standards on the fracture of polymers, polymer composites and adhesives with another two currently going through ISO standardization and ballots, and several more under development. The activities have also resulted in publications, including two books and two review papers. Initial activities focused on round robins providing test methods for determination of fracture properties for, e.g., technical data sheets, quality assurance, materials selection, or materials development and optimization and materials modelling. These procedures defined standard specimens, test rigs and test conditions. For polymers, standards for specific ranges of loading rate and for composites and adhesively bonded joints, procedures for different loading modes and mode mixes were developed. Recently, standard composite specimens with unidirectional fiber orientation were shown to overestimate the delamination resistance of multidirectional laminates under cyclic fatigue loading. First round robin data from the environmental stress cracking tests show the potential for discriminating between the different susceptibilities of polymers to environmentally induced fracture. Future activities will include elastomeric materials, simulation and modelling in combination with experiments or prediction of fracture behavior. Another topic of recent interest concerns digital tools, e.g., image analysis, automated data acquisition, data fitting and analysis. Guidelines on how to best reduce extrinsic scatter and eliminate human errors will improve the data quality.
KW - Adhesives
KW - Digital tools
KW - Fracture mechanics design
KW - Fracture testing of polymers
KW - Polymer composites
KW - Standardizaton
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85120680365&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.prostr.2021.10.051
DO - 10.1016/j.prostr.2021.10.051
M3 - Conference article
AN - SCOPUS:85120680365
SN - 2452-3216
VL - 33
SP - 443
EP - 455
JO - Procedia structural integrity
JF - Procedia structural integrity
Y2 - 26 May 2021 through 28 May 2021
ER -