3D Hierarchical Particle Assemblies with Nanostructure-Enabled Functionalities

In this thesis, we develop a reliable and scalable strategy for fabrication of hierarchical structures with multilevel structures on different length scales to provide new types of composite materials. Both the surface morphology and the resulting structure-determined optical properties of this hierarchical structure can be precisely controlled through the developed techniques, thereby offering high potential for applications in the fields of molecular detection, anticounterfeiting, diagnostics, displays, superwetting materials and catalysis. In the course of the investigation, we attempt to explain the physical properties of the created materials and show possible practical applications. 3D hierarchical microspheres with versatile surface morphologies have been successfully fabricated and the resulting structure-enabled functionalities such as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), photonic stop band (PSB), slow light effect, and superwettability behaviour with controllable adhesion force have been demonstrated.