Abstract
This paper presents a transconductor suitable for implementation in submicron CMOS technology. The transconductor is nearly insensitive for the second-order effects of the MOS transistors, which become more and more prevalent in today's submicron processes. The transconductor relies on a differential pair with variable degeneration resistance, while the degeneration resistors are “soft-switched” by means of MOS transistors. The transconductance is continuously tunable. A transconductor, using a device in which the degeneration resistors and “soft switches” are merged, is optimized for a maximum tuning range and can be used in variable gain stages like in an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit. Besides, a third-order 5.5 MHz low-pass filter has been realized in a 0.5-μm CMOS process using the “soft-switched” transconductor. At a 3.3 V supply voltage the filter dissipates 12 mW and the dynamic range equals 62 dB where the total harmonic distortion (THD) is -48 dB for an input voltage of 1 Vpp.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 989-997 |
Journal | IEEE journal of solid-state circuits |
Volume | 22 |
Issue number | 7 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1997 |
Keywords
- METIS-111605
- IR-14438
- circuit theory and design
- continuous-time filters
- transconductors
- tuning
- integrators
- Amplifiers
- CMOS devices
- CMOS integrated circuits