A cryogenic imaging X-ray spectrometer for XEUS read out by frequency-division SQUID multiplexers

Piet A.J. De Korte; John J. Van Baar; Norman H.R. Baars; Frank E. Bakker; Wouter M.Bergmann Tiest; Marcel P. Bruijn; Alexander Germeau; Henk F.C. Hoevers; Mikko Kiviranta; Eric Krouwer; Jan Der Van Kuur; Marco P. Lubbers; Wim A. Mels; Marcel L. Ridder; Heikki Seppae; Remco J. Wiegerink

doi:10.1117/12.552933

A cryogenic imaging X-ray spectrometer for XEUS read out by frequency-division SQUID multiplexers

Piet A.J. De Korte^*, John J. Van Baar, Norman H.R. Baars, Frank E. Bakker, Wouter M.Bergmann Tiest, Marcel P. Bruijn, Alexander Germeau, Henk F.C. Hoevers, Mikko Kiviranta, Eric Krouwer, Jan Der Van Kuur, Marco P. Lubbers, Wim A. Mels, Marcel L. Ridder, Heikki Seppae, Remco J. Wiegerink

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

A micro-calorimeter array with superconducting transition-edge sensors read out by a SQUID-based frequency-domain multiplexer is under development for the X-ray imaging spectrometer on board ESA's X-ray Evolving Universe Spectroscopy (XEUS) mission. The XEUS requirements are 2 and 5 eV FWHM energy resolution for 2 and 7 keV X-rays, respectively. An array of 32 × 32 pixels with 250 micron square pixels is envisaged. SRON and MESA⁺ have developed 5 × 5 imaging micro-calorimeter prototype arrays along a bulk micromachining and a surface micromachining route. The present state of array design and development with emphasis on pixel-to-pixel performance measurements of thermal and I-V characteristics, sensor noise and energy resolution are presented. SRON and VTT are developing frequency-domain multiplexing with SQUID current amplifiers to read out the 32 × 32 array. The concept for the frequency division multiplexing read-out will be presented and its performance characteristics discussed. Recent results of sensor operation under AC-bias (500 kHz) are presented.

Original language	English
Article number	22
Pages (from-to)	167-176
Number of pages	10
Journal	Proceedings of SPIE - the international society for optical engineering
Volume	5501
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552933
Publication status	Published - 1 Dec 2004
Event	SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2004 - Glasgow, United Kingdom Duration: 22 Jun 2004 → 23 Jun 2004

Keywords

Cryogenic micro-calorimeters
Frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM)
Imaging X-ray spectrometer
SQUIDs
Transition-edge sensors (TES)
X-ray astronomy
XEUS

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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De Korte, P. A. J., Van Baar, J. J., Baars, N. H. R., Bakker, F. E., Tiest, W. M. B., Bruijn, M. P., Germeau, A., Hoevers, H. F. C., Kiviranta, M., Krouwer, E., Van Kuur, J. D., Lubbers, M. P., Mels, W. A., Ridder, M. L., Seppae, H., & Wiegerink, R. J. (2004). A cryogenic imaging X-ray spectrometer for XEUS read out by frequency-division SQUID multiplexers. Proceedings of SPIE - the international society for optical engineering, 5501, 167-176. Article 22. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552933

@article{d8a7205661ee4c0987f109f9283bfbec,

title = "A cryogenic imaging X-ray spectrometer for XEUS read out by frequency-division SQUID multiplexers",

abstract = "A micro-calorimeter array with superconducting transition-edge sensors read out by a SQUID-based frequency-domain multiplexer is under development for the X-ray imaging spectrometer on board ESA's X-ray Evolving Universe Spectroscopy (XEUS) mission. The XEUS requirements are 2 and 5 eV FWHM energy resolution for 2 and 7 keV X-rays, respectively. An array of 32 × 32 pixels with 250 micron square pixels is envisaged. SRON and MESA+ have developed 5 × 5 imaging micro-calorimeter prototype arrays along a bulk micromachining and a surface micromachining route. The present state of array design and development with emphasis on pixel-to-pixel performance measurements of thermal and I-V characteristics, sensor noise and energy resolution are presented. SRON and VTT are developing frequency-domain multiplexing with SQUID current amplifiers to read out the 32 × 32 array. The concept for the frequency division multiplexing read-out will be presented and its performance characteristics discussed. Recent results of sensor operation under AC-bias (500 kHz) are presented.",

keywords = "Cryogenic micro-calorimeters, Frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM), Imaging X-ray spectrometer, SQUIDs, Transition-edge sensors (TES), X-ray astronomy, XEUS",

author = "{De Korte}, {Piet A.J.} and {Van Baar}, {John J.} and Baars, {Norman H.R.} and Bakker, {Frank E.} and Tiest, {Wouter M.Bergmann} and Bruijn, {Marcel P.} and Alexander Germeau and Hoevers, {Henk F.C.} and Mikko Kiviranta and Eric Krouwer and {Van Kuur}, {Jan Der} and Lubbers, {Marco P.} and Mels, {Wim A.} and Ridder, {Marcel L.} and Heikki Seppae and Wiegerink, {Remco J.}",

year = "2004",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1117/12.552933",

language = "English",

volume = "5501",

pages = "167--176",

journal = "Proceedings of SPIE - the international society for optical engineering",

issn = "0277-786X",

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note = "SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2004 ; Conference date: 22-06-2004 Through 23-06-2004",

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De Korte, PAJ, Van Baar, JJ, Baars, NHR, Bakker, FE, Tiest, WMB, Bruijn, MP, Germeau, A, Hoevers, HFC, Kiviranta, M, Krouwer, E, Van Kuur, JD, Lubbers, MP, Mels, WA, Ridder, ML, Seppae, H & Wiegerink, RJ 2004, 'A cryogenic imaging X-ray spectrometer for XEUS read out by frequency-division SQUID multiplexers', Proceedings of SPIE - the international society for optical engineering, vol. 5501, 22, pp. 167-176. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552933

A cryogenic imaging X-ray spectrometer for XEUS read out by frequency-division SQUID multiplexers. / De Korte, Piet A.J.; Van Baar, John J.; Baars, Norman H.R. et al.
In: Proceedings of SPIE - the international society for optical engineering, Vol. 5501, 22, 01.12.2004, p. 167-176.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Conference article › Academic › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - A cryogenic imaging X-ray spectrometer for XEUS read out by frequency-division SQUID multiplexers

AU - De Korte, Piet A.J.

AU - Van Baar, John J.

AU - Baars, Norman H.R.

AU - Bakker, Frank E.

AU - Tiest, Wouter M.Bergmann

AU - Bruijn, Marcel P.

AU - Germeau, Alexander

AU - Hoevers, Henk F.C.

AU - Kiviranta, Mikko

AU - Krouwer, Eric

AU - Van Kuur, Jan Der

AU - Lubbers, Marco P.

AU - Mels, Wim A.

AU - Ridder, Marcel L.

AU - Seppae, Heikki

AU - Wiegerink, Remco J.

PY - 2004/12/1

Y1 - 2004/12/1

N2 - A micro-calorimeter array with superconducting transition-edge sensors read out by a SQUID-based frequency-domain multiplexer is under development for the X-ray imaging spectrometer on board ESA's X-ray Evolving Universe Spectroscopy (XEUS) mission. The XEUS requirements are 2 and 5 eV FWHM energy resolution for 2 and 7 keV X-rays, respectively. An array of 32 × 32 pixels with 250 micron square pixels is envisaged. SRON and MESA+ have developed 5 × 5 imaging micro-calorimeter prototype arrays along a bulk micromachining and a surface micromachining route. The present state of array design and development with emphasis on pixel-to-pixel performance measurements of thermal and I-V characteristics, sensor noise and energy resolution are presented. SRON and VTT are developing frequency-domain multiplexing with SQUID current amplifiers to read out the 32 × 32 array. The concept for the frequency division multiplexing read-out will be presented and its performance characteristics discussed. Recent results of sensor operation under AC-bias (500 kHz) are presented.

AB - A micro-calorimeter array with superconducting transition-edge sensors read out by a SQUID-based frequency-domain multiplexer is under development for the X-ray imaging spectrometer on board ESA's X-ray Evolving Universe Spectroscopy (XEUS) mission. The XEUS requirements are 2 and 5 eV FWHM energy resolution for 2 and 7 keV X-rays, respectively. An array of 32 × 32 pixels with 250 micron square pixels is envisaged. SRON and MESA+ have developed 5 × 5 imaging micro-calorimeter prototype arrays along a bulk micromachining and a surface micromachining route. The present state of array design and development with emphasis on pixel-to-pixel performance measurements of thermal and I-V characteristics, sensor noise and energy resolution are presented. SRON and VTT are developing frequency-domain multiplexing with SQUID current amplifiers to read out the 32 × 32 array. The concept for the frequency division multiplexing read-out will be presented and its performance characteristics discussed. Recent results of sensor operation under AC-bias (500 kHz) are presented.

KW - Cryogenic micro-calorimeters

KW - Frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM)

KW - Imaging X-ray spectrometer

KW - SQUIDs

KW - Transition-edge sensors (TES)

KW - X-ray astronomy

KW - XEUS

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U2 - 10.1117/12.552933

DO - 10.1117/12.552933

M3 - Conference article

AN - SCOPUS:19944425488

SN - 0277-786X

VL - 5501

SP - 167

EP - 176

JO - Proceedings of SPIE - the international society for optical engineering

JF - Proceedings of SPIE - the international society for optical engineering

M1 - 22

T2 - SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2004

Y2 - 22 June 2004 through 23 June 2004

ER -

A cryogenic imaging X-ray spectrometer for XEUS read out by frequency-division SQUID multiplexers

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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