TY - JOUR
T1 - A Review of Extrusion-Based 3D Printing for the Fabrication of Electro- and Biomechanical Sensors
AU - Schouten, Martijn
AU - Wolterink, Gerjan
AU - Dijkshoorn, Alexander
AU - Kosmas, Dimitrios
AU - Stramigioli, Stefano
AU - Krijnen, Gijs
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received August 31, 2020; revised November 4, 2020; accepted November 23, 2020. Date of publication December 3, 2020; date of current version May 28, 2021. This work was supported in part by the SoftPro Project funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Agreement 688857, in part by the PortWings Project funded by the European Research Council under Agreement 787675, and in part by the Wearable Robotics Project funded by the NWO-TTW Perspectief Programma. The associate editor coordinating the review of this article and approving it for publication was Prof. Weileun Fang. (Corresponding author: Martijn Schouten.) Martijn Schouten, Alexander Dijkshoorn, Dimitrios Kosmas, Stefano Stramigioli, and Gijs Krijnen are with the Robotics and Mechatronics Department, University of Twente, 7522NB Enschede, The Netherlands (e-mail: m.schouten@utwente.nl).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/6/1
Y1 - 2021/6/1
N2 - In this review paper, we focus on the 3D printing technologies that consist of the extruding of fluid material in lines to form structures for electro- and biomechanical applications. Our paper reviews various 3D print technologies, materials, sensing technologies and applications of extrusion-based 3D printing. We also discuss how to overcome some of the challenges with 3D printed sensors, such as the anisotropy of the conductors as well as the drift and nonlinearity of the materials.
AB - In this review paper, we focus on the 3D printing technologies that consist of the extruding of fluid material in lines to form structures for electro- and biomechanical applications. Our paper reviews various 3D print technologies, materials, sensing technologies and applications of extrusion-based 3D printing. We also discuss how to overcome some of the challenges with 3D printed sensors, such as the anisotropy of the conductors as well as the drift and nonlinearity of the materials.
KW - 3D printed sensors
KW - Additive manufacturing (AM)
KW - Direct ink writing
KW - Embedded sensing
KW - Fabrication
KW - Fiber encapsulation
KW - Flexible strain sensors
KW - Frequency division multiplexing
KW - Fused deposition modelling (FDM)
KW - Ink
KW - Sensors
KW - Three-dimensional displays
KW - Three-dimensional printing
KW - Writing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85097952414&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JSEN.2020.3042436
DO - 10.1109/JSEN.2020.3042436
M3 - Article
SN - 1530-437X
VL - 21
SP - 12900
EP - 12912
JO - IEEE sensors journal
JF - IEEE sensors journal
IS - 11
ER -