Almost output synchronization for heterogeneous time-varying networks for a class of non-introspective, nonlinear agents without exchange of controller states

We consider almost output synchronization for directed heterogeneous time-varying networks where agents are non-introspective (i.e., agents have no access to their own states or outputs) in the presence of external disturbances. The nonlinear agents have a triangular structure and are globally Lipschitz continuous. The network can be time-varying with network switches occurring at arbitrary moments. A purely decentralized time-invariant protocol based on a low-gain and high-gain method is designed for each agent to achieve almost output synchronization while reducing the impact of disturbances on the output synchronization error.