an oxalate-peroxide complex used in the preparation of doped barium titanate

A method is described for the preparation of homogeneously doped barium titanate, which can be applied in non-linear dielectric elements. Ba and Ti salts are dissolved, mixed with hydrogen peroxide and added to a solution of ammonium oxalate, resulting in the formation of an insoluble peroxo-oxalate complex. The presence of oxalate ions and a high pH are necessary for the formation after calcination of a stoichiometric and sinterable powder. To characterise the structure of the precipitating complex, the thermal decomposition of the complex is studied by means of XRD, d-TGA and FTIR. It is found that the precipitating complex is a Ti0.91Zr0.09O2(C2O4)2H2O. The calcined powder prepared with the peroxo-oxalate method contains no second phase, in contrast to powders prepared with the oxalate method and the peroxide method.