Assessment of Presence in Augmented and Mixed Reality: Presence in Augmented and Mixed Reality

While the sense of presence in VR has been extensively studied, there are currently no scales available to measure the sense of presence in AR and MR. Here we propose a general Holistic Presence Questionnaire (HPQ), that measures presence through the sense of telepresence, internal and external plausibility and perceived behavioral and cognitive affordances in the mediated environment. The HPQ is sufficiently general to measure presence experienced in any type of multi-sensory (visual, auditory, haptic and olfactory) setting (including VR, AR and MR systems). By using single items to tap into each of the relevant psychological processing levels the HPQ is comprehensive and efficient. Individual items are sufficiently concise so that their (repeated) application minimally interferes with the experience. CCS CONCEPTS • Human-centered computing~Human computer interaction (HCI)~Interaction paradigms~Mixed / augmented reality Additional