@article{af87fe555c1f4b2b933e84f96b063e79,
title = "Bidirectional movement of emerging H5N8 avian influenza viruses between Europe and Asia via migratory birds since early 2020",
abstract = "Migratory birds play a critical role in the rapid spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus clade 2.3.4.4 across Eurasia. Elucidating the timing and pattern of virus transmission is essential therefore for understanding the spatial dissemination of these viruses. In this study, we surveyed >27,000 wild birds in China, tracked the year-round migration patterns of 20 bird species across China since 2006, and generated new HPAI H5N8 virus genomic data. Using this new data set, we investigated the seasonal transmission dynamics of HPAI H5N8 viruses across Eurasia. We found that introductions of HPAI H5N8 viruses to different Eurasian regions were associated with the seasonal migration of wild birds. Moreover, we report a backflow of HPAI H5N8 virus lineages from Europe to Asia, suggesting that Europe acts as both a source and a sink in the global HPAI virus transmission network.",
keywords = "Highly pathogenic avian influenza, Intercontinental disseminations, Migratory birds, Satellite tracking, ITC-CV",
author = "GG Zhang and BY Li and J Raghwani and B Vrancken and R Jia and SC Hill and G Fournie and Yanchao Cheng and QQ Yang and YX Wang and ZM Wang and L Dong and OG Pybus and HY Tian",
note = "Funding Information: This study was provided by the National Key Program of Research and Development (2022YFC2303803 and 2021YFC0863400); Beijing Science and Technology Planning Project (Z221100007922019); Scientific and technological innovation 2030 - a major project of new generation artificial intelligence (2021ZD0111201); National Natural Science Foundation of China (82073616 and 32070530); Beijing Advanced Innovation Program for Land Surface Science (110631111); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Research on Key Technologies of Plague Prevention and Control in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2021ZD0006); and National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China (213023721203, 91217-2022). B.V. was supported by a postdoctoral grant (12U7121N) of the Research Foundation - Flanders (Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek). J.R., G.F., and O.G.P. were supported by the UKRI GCRF One Health Poultry Hub (grant no. B/S011269/1), 1 of 12 interdisciplinary research hubs funded under the UK government's Grand Challenge Research Fund Interdisciplinary Research Hub initiative. S.C.H. was funded by a Sir Henry Wellcome Postdoctoral Fellowship (Wellcome Trust 220414/Z/20/Z). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, the decision to publish, or in the preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.",
year = "2023",
month = jan,
day = "27",
doi = "10.1093/molbev/msad019",
language = "English",
volume = "40",
journal = "Molecular Biology and Evolution",
issn = "0737-4038",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "2",
}
