Characterization of Anycast Adoption in the DNS Authoritative Infrastructure

Raffaele Sommese; Gautam Akiwate; Mattijs Jonker; Giovane Moura; Marco Davids; Roland Martijn van Rijswijk - Deij; Geoffrey M. Voelker; Stefan Savage; Kimberley Claffy; Anna Sperotto

Characterization of Anycast Adoption in the DNS Authoritative Infrastructure

Raffaele Sommese, Gautam Akiwate, Mattijs Jonker, Giovane Moura, Marco Davids, Roland Martijn van Rijswijk - Deij, Geoffrey M. Voelker, Stefan Savage, Kimberley Claffy, Anna Sperotto

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

Anycast has proven to be an effective mechanism to enhance resilience in the DNS ecosystem and for scaling DNS nameserver capacity, both in authoritative and the recursive resolver infrastructure. Since its adoption for root servers, anycast has mitigated the impact of failures and DDoS attacks on the DNS ecosystem. In this work, we quantify the adoption of anycast to support authoritative domain name service for toplevel and second-level domains (TLDs and SLDs). Comparing two comprehensive anycast census datasets in 2017 and 2021, with DNS measurements captured over the same period, reveals that anycast adoption is increasing, driven by a few large operators. While anycast offers compelling resilience advantage, it also shifts some resilience risk to other aspects of the infrastructure. We discuss these aspects, and how the pervasive use of anycast merits a re-evaluation of how to measure DNS resilience.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	TMA Conference 2021
Subtitle of host publication	Proceedings of the 5th Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference, Virtual, September 14-15, 2021
Publisher	IFIP
Number of pages	9
ISBN (Print)	978-3-903176-40-9
Publication status	Published - 14 Sep 2021
Event	5th Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference, TMA 2021 - Virtual Duration: 14 Sep 2021 → 15 Sep 2021 Conference number: 5

Conference

Conference	5th Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference, TMA 2021
Abbreviated title	TMA 2021
City	Virtual
Period	14/09/21 → 15/09/21

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https://dl.ifip.org/db/conf/tma/tma2021/tma2021-paper1.pdf

Best Paper Award on Characterization of Anycast Adoption in the DNS Authoritative Infrastructure
Sommese, Raffaele (Recipient), Akiwate, Gautam (Recipient), Jonker, Mattijs (Recipient), Moura, Giovane (Recipient), Davids, Marco (Recipient), van Rijswijk - Deij, Roland Martijn (Recipient), Voelker, Geoffrey M. (Recipient), Savage, Stefan (Recipient), Claffy, Kimberley (Recipient) & Sperotto, Anna (Recipient), 14 Sep 2021
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Sommese, R., Akiwate, G., Jonker, M., Moura, G., Davids, M., van Rijswijk - Deij, R. M., Voelker, G. M., Savage, S., Claffy, K., & Sperotto, A. (2021). Characterization of Anycast Adoption in the DNS Authoritative Infrastructure. In TMA Conference 2021: Proceedings of the 5th Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference, Virtual, September 14-15, 2021 IFIP. https://dl.ifip.org/db/conf/tma/tma2021/tma2021-paper1.pdf

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title = "Characterization of Anycast Adoption in the DNS Authoritative Infrastructure",

abstract = "Anycast has proven to be an effective mechanism to enhance resilience in the DNS ecosystem and for scaling DNS nameserver capacity, both in authoritative and the recursive resolver infrastructure. Since its adoption for root servers, anycast has mitigated the impact of failures and DDoS attacks on the DNS ecosystem. In this work, we quantify the adoption of anycast to support authoritative domain name service for toplevel and second-level domains (TLDs and SLDs). Comparing two comprehensive anycast census datasets in 2017 and 2021, with DNS measurements captured over the same period, reveals that anycast adoption is increasing, driven by a few large operators. While anycast offers compelling resilience advantage, it also shifts some resilience risk to other aspects of the infrastructure. We discuss these aspects, and how the pervasive use of anycast merits a re-evaluation of how to measure DNS resilience.",

author = "Raffaele Sommese and Gautam Akiwate and Mattijs Jonker and Giovane Moura and Marco Davids and {van Rijswijk - Deij}, {Roland Martijn} and Voelker, {Geoffrey M.} and Stefan Savage and Kimberley Claffy and Anna Sperotto",

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month = sep,

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language = "English",

isbn = "978-3-903176-40-9",

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Sommese, R, Akiwate, G, Jonker, M, Moura, G, Davids, M, van Rijswijk - Deij, RM, Voelker, GM, Savage, S, Claffy, K & Sperotto, A 2021, Characterization of Anycast Adoption in the DNS Authoritative Infrastructure. in TMA Conference 2021: Proceedings of the 5th Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference, Virtual, September 14-15, 2021. IFIP, 5th Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference, TMA 2021, Virtual, 14/09/21. <https://dl.ifip.org/db/conf/tma/tma2021/tma2021-paper1.pdf>

Characterization of Anycast Adoption in the DNS Authoritative Infrastructure. / Sommese, Raffaele; Akiwate, Gautam; Jonker, Mattijs et al.

TMA Conference 2021: Proceedings of the 5th Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference, Virtual, September 14-15, 2021. IFIP, 2021.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › Academic › peer-review

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T1 - Characterization of Anycast Adoption in the DNS Authoritative Infrastructure

AU - Sommese, Raffaele

AU - Akiwate, Gautam

AU - Jonker, Mattijs

AU - Moura, Giovane

AU - Davids, Marco

AU - van Rijswijk - Deij, Roland Martijn

AU - Voelker, Geoffrey M.

AU - Savage, Stefan

AU - Claffy, Kimberley

AU - Sperotto, Anna

N1 - Conference code: 5

PY - 2021/9/14

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N2 - Anycast has proven to be an effective mechanism to enhance resilience in the DNS ecosystem and for scaling DNS nameserver capacity, both in authoritative and the recursive resolver infrastructure. Since its adoption for root servers, anycast has mitigated the impact of failures and DDoS attacks on the DNS ecosystem. In this work, we quantify the adoption of anycast to support authoritative domain name service for toplevel and second-level domains (TLDs and SLDs). Comparing two comprehensive anycast census datasets in 2017 and 2021, with DNS measurements captured over the same period, reveals that anycast adoption is increasing, driven by a few large operators. While anycast offers compelling resilience advantage, it also shifts some resilience risk to other aspects of the infrastructure. We discuss these aspects, and how the pervasive use of anycast merits a re-evaluation of how to measure DNS resilience.

AB - Anycast has proven to be an effective mechanism to enhance resilience in the DNS ecosystem and for scaling DNS nameserver capacity, both in authoritative and the recursive resolver infrastructure. Since its adoption for root servers, anycast has mitigated the impact of failures and DDoS attacks on the DNS ecosystem. In this work, we quantify the adoption of anycast to support authoritative domain name service for toplevel and second-level domains (TLDs and SLDs). Comparing two comprehensive anycast census datasets in 2017 and 2021, with DNS measurements captured over the same period, reveals that anycast adoption is increasing, driven by a few large operators. While anycast offers compelling resilience advantage, it also shifts some resilience risk to other aspects of the infrastructure. We discuss these aspects, and how the pervasive use of anycast merits a re-evaluation of how to measure DNS resilience.

M3 - Conference contribution

SN - 978-3-903176-40-9

BT - TMA Conference 2021

PB - IFIP

T2 - 5th Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference, TMA 2021

Y2 - 14 September 2021 through 15 September 2021

ER -

Characterization of Anycast Adoption in the DNS Authoritative Infrastructure

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Best Paper Award on Characterization of Anycast Adoption in the DNS Authoritative Infrastructure

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