Abstract
This paper introduces characterization techniques to investigate electrical properties of 3D-printed conductors. It presents the combination of a physical model to describe frequency dependent electrical properties of 3D-printed conductors; the use of infrared thermography in combination with Joule heating to characterize electrical anisotropy in 3D-printed sheets; and the use of the voltage contrast scanning electron microscopy method (VCSEM) to determine potential distributions in 3D-printed sheets. By means of lock-in thermography, infrared (IR) measurements are improved and amplitude modulation enables lock-in thermography at excitation frequencies above the thermal cut-off frequency. Measurements on sensor samples show the potential of the methods for characterizing sheet-like, conductive structures. The characterization methods allow improvement of 3D-printed sensor designs and exploit electrical properties of 3D-printed conductors.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 9133440 |
| Pages (from-to) | 14218-14227 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | IEEE sensors journal |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue number | 23 |
| Early online date | 6 Jul 2020 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Dec 2020 |
Keywords
- Temperature measurement
- Frequency measurement
- Frequency modulation
- Sensor phenomena and characterization
- Impedance
- Resistance
- 3D-Printing
- Conductive
- Anisotropy
- Infrared thermography
- Voltage Contrast Scanning Electron Microscopy
- Sensor characterization
- n/a OA procedure