Comparative Analysis of Operation and Maintenance Practices in Community-Based Solar Microgrids

Community-based solar microgrids face significant sustainability challenges, particularly in the context of remote islands where resources and infrastructure are limited. Effective operation and maintenance (O&M) are crucial to address these challenges. This study presents empirical evidence from four solar microgrids on an Indonesian island, focusing on their O&M practices and electricity service levels based on the Multi-Tier Framework. It also examines the influence of design, management structure, and geographical characteristics on microgrid sustainability. Data was collected through direct observation and stakeholder interviews, allowing for a comparative analysis of the four microgrids. The findings reveal notable disparities, with two microgrids located near the district capital showing early abandonment and signs of deterioration.