TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison of three types of fiber optic sensors for temperature monitoring in a groundwater flow simulator
AU - Drusová, Sandra
AU - Bakx, Wiecher
AU - Doornenbal, Pieter J.
AU - Wagterveld, R. Martijn
AU - Bense, Victor F.
AU - Offerhaus, Herman L.
N1 - Funding Information:
Wetsus is co-funded by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment , the Province of Fryslân , and the Northern Netherlands Provinces. This research received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 665874.
Funding Information:
Wetsus is co-funded by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, the Province of Frysl?n, andthe Northern Netherlands Provinces. This research received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk?odowska-Curie grant agreement no. 665874.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s)
PY - 2021/11/1
Y1 - 2021/11/1
N2 - Different fiber optic sensors have been used for groundwater temperature monitoring and the question is which one to choose for a particular study. In the field conditions it is sometimes difficult to determine how much error is introduced by the sensor placement technique, packaging or cross-sensitivity between temperature and strain. These factors were studied in a laboratory groundwater simulator during a heat tracing experiment. The performance of three fiber optic technologies was evaluated – distributed temperature sensing, fiber Bragg gratings and continuous fiber Bragg gratings. All sensors had comparable accuracy of around 0.2 °C and resolution smaller than 0.1 °C. Therefore, factors which need to be considered when choosing a sensor for groundwater temperature monitoring are spatial resolution, sampling frequency and possibility to measure absolute/relative temperature. The experiment also showed that strain effects can be introduced even when fibers have a loose tube packaging.
AB - Different fiber optic sensors have been used for groundwater temperature monitoring and the question is which one to choose for a particular study. In the field conditions it is sometimes difficult to determine how much error is introduced by the sensor placement technique, packaging or cross-sensitivity between temperature and strain. These factors were studied in a laboratory groundwater simulator during a heat tracing experiment. The performance of three fiber optic technologies was evaluated – distributed temperature sensing, fiber Bragg gratings and continuous fiber Bragg gratings. All sensors had comparable accuracy of around 0.2 °C and resolution smaller than 0.1 °C. Therefore, factors which need to be considered when choosing a sensor for groundwater temperature monitoring are spatial resolution, sampling frequency and possibility to measure absolute/relative temperature. The experiment also showed that strain effects can be introduced even when fibers have a loose tube packaging.
KW - Continuous fiber Bragg grating
KW - Distributed temperature sensing
KW - Fiber Bragg grating
KW - Groundwater temperature
KW - Packaging
KW - Strain
KW - UT-Hybrid-D
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85109441819&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.sna.2021.112682
DO - 10.1016/j.sna.2021.112682
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85109441819
SN - 0924-4247
VL - 331
JO - Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
JF - Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
M1 - 112682
ER -