Crater formation during raindrop impact on sand

Rianne de Jong, Song-Chuan Zhao, Devaraj van der Meer

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

20 Citations (Scopus)
234 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

After a raindrop impacts on a granular bed, a crater is formed as both drop and target deform. After an initial, transient, phase in which the maximum crater depth is reached, the crater broadens outwards until a final steady shape is attained. By varying the impact velocity of the drop and the packing density of the bed, we find that avalanches of grains are important in the second phase and hence affect the final crater shape. In a previous paper, we introduced an estimate of the impact energy going solely into sand deformation and here we show that both the transient and final crater diameter collapse with this quantity for various packing densities. The aspect ratio of the transient crater is however altered by changes in the packing fraction.

Original languageEnglish
Article number042901
JournalPhysical review E: covering statistical, nonlinear, biological, and soft matter physics
Volume95
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 5 Apr 2017

Keywords

  • 2022 OA procedure

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