Crystallization of poly(lactic acid) nucleated with the sorbitol TBPMN

F.F.G. Sebek; O.J. Nguon; A. Bartos; M. ten Brinke; M. van Drongelen; H. Gojzewski; J. Lefas; G.J. Vancso

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2023.108322

Crystallization of poly(lactic acid) nucleated with the sorbitol TBPMN

F.F.G. Sebek, O.J. Nguon, A. Bartos, M. ten Brinke, M. van Drongelen, H. Gojzewski, J. Lefas, G.J. Vancso^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

We report on the crystallization of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films in the presence of a sorbitol-based nucleating agent; 1,2,3-tridesoxy-4,6:5,7-bis-O-[(4-propylphenyl) methylene]-nonitol (TBPMN). Dispersion of the nucleating agent was performed by solution-mixing and melt-blending. Crystallization behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The structure and morphology were characterized by wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), optical imaging, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A significant impact of the nucleating agent was observed at or above a threshold concentration of 2 wt%, which was assigned to the solubility limit of TBPMN. The degree of crystallinity reached up to 39.6 % with 2 wt% TBPMN. An influence of the dispersion method was observed on the peak temperature of crystallization (T_cp). While T_cp decreased slightly for solution-mixed films, a sigmoidal trend was noted for melt-blended samples. Under isothermal conditions at 100 °C, the crystallization half-time was lowered from 6.5 min to 1.0 min. Avrami analysis pointed to the formation of 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional crystalline domains; WAXS data revealed α- and α'-crystals, depending on the dispersing method. AFM imaging showed a nanosized fibrillar network of the nucleator within the PLA matrix, demonstrating that TBPMN acted as a soluble self-assembly nucleator.

Original language	English
Article number	108322
Journal	Polymer testing
Volume	131
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2023.108322
Publication status	Published - Feb 2024

Keywords

UT-Hybrid-D
Crystallinity
Nucleating agents
Poly(lactic acid)
Atomic force microscopy

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title = "Crystallization of poly(lactic acid) nucleated with the sorbitol TBPMN",

abstract = "We report on the crystallization of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films in the presence of a sorbitol-based nucleating agent; 1,2,3-tridesoxy-4,6:5,7-bis-O-[(4-propylphenyl) methylene]-nonitol (TBPMN). Dispersion of the nucleating agent was performed by solution-mixing and melt-blending. Crystallization behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The structure and morphology were characterized by wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), optical imaging, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A significant impact of the nucleating agent was observed at or above a threshold concentration of 2 wt%, which was assigned to the solubility limit of TBPMN. The degree of crystallinity reached up to 39.6 % with 2 wt% TBPMN. An influence of the dispersion method was observed on the peak temperature of crystallization (Tcp). While Tcp decreased slightly for solution-mixed films, a sigmoidal trend was noted for melt-blended samples. Under isothermal conditions at 100 °C, the crystallization half-time was lowered from 6.5 min to 1.0 min. Avrami analysis pointed to the formation of 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional crystalline domains; WAXS data revealed α- and α'-crystals, depending on the dispersing method. AFM imaging showed a nanosized fibrillar network of the nucleator within the PLA matrix, demonstrating that TBPMN acted as a soluble self-assembly nucleator.",

keywords = "UT-Hybrid-D, Crystallinity, Nucleating agents, Poly(lactic acid), Atomic force microscopy",

author = "F.F.G. Sebek and O.J. Nguon and A. Bartos and Brinke, {M. ten} and {van Drongelen}, M. and H. Gojzewski and J. Lefas and G.J. Vancso",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Authors",

year = "2024",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1016/j.polymertesting.2023.108322",

language = "English",

volume = "131",

journal = "Polymer testing",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Crystallization of poly(lactic acid) nucleated with the sorbitol TBPMN

AU - Sebek, F.F.G.

AU - Nguon, O.J.

AU - Bartos, A.

AU - Brinke, M. ten

AU - van Drongelen, M.

AU - Gojzewski, H.

AU - Lefas, J.

AU - Vancso, G.J.

PY - 2024/2

Y1 - 2024/2

N2 - We report on the crystallization of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films in the presence of a sorbitol-based nucleating agent; 1,2,3-tridesoxy-4,6:5,7-bis-O-[(4-propylphenyl) methylene]-nonitol (TBPMN). Dispersion of the nucleating agent was performed by solution-mixing and melt-blending. Crystallization behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The structure and morphology were characterized by wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), optical imaging, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A significant impact of the nucleating agent was observed at or above a threshold concentration of 2 wt%, which was assigned to the solubility limit of TBPMN. The degree of crystallinity reached up to 39.6 % with 2 wt% TBPMN. An influence of the dispersion method was observed on the peak temperature of crystallization (Tcp). While Tcp decreased slightly for solution-mixed films, a sigmoidal trend was noted for melt-blended samples. Under isothermal conditions at 100 °C, the crystallization half-time was lowered from 6.5 min to 1.0 min. Avrami analysis pointed to the formation of 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional crystalline domains; WAXS data revealed α- and α'-crystals, depending on the dispersing method. AFM imaging showed a nanosized fibrillar network of the nucleator within the PLA matrix, demonstrating that TBPMN acted as a soluble self-assembly nucleator.

AB - We report on the crystallization of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films in the presence of a sorbitol-based nucleating agent; 1,2,3-tridesoxy-4,6:5,7-bis-O-[(4-propylphenyl) methylene]-nonitol (TBPMN). Dispersion of the nucleating agent was performed by solution-mixing and melt-blending. Crystallization behavior was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The structure and morphology were characterized by wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), optical imaging, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A significant impact of the nucleating agent was observed at or above a threshold concentration of 2 wt%, which was assigned to the solubility limit of TBPMN. The degree of crystallinity reached up to 39.6 % with 2 wt% TBPMN. An influence of the dispersion method was observed on the peak temperature of crystallization (Tcp). While Tcp decreased slightly for solution-mixed films, a sigmoidal trend was noted for melt-blended samples. Under isothermal conditions at 100 °C, the crystallization half-time was lowered from 6.5 min to 1.0 min. Avrami analysis pointed to the formation of 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional crystalline domains; WAXS data revealed α- and α'-crystals, depending on the dispersing method. AFM imaging showed a nanosized fibrillar network of the nucleator within the PLA matrix, demonstrating that TBPMN acted as a soluble self-assembly nucleator.

KW - UT-Hybrid-D

KW - Crystallinity

KW - Nucleating agents

KW - Poly(lactic acid)

KW - Atomic force microscopy

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85182255752&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2023.108322

DO - 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2023.108322

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85182255752

SN - 0142-9418

VL - 131

JO - Polymer testing

JF - Polymer testing

M1 - 108322

ER -

Crystallization of poly(lactic acid) nucleated with the sorbitol TBPMN

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Keywords

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