Cyber-Physical Energy Systems Diagram Language

The power grid is the largest human made system on earth. With the rise of smart grids, this system is being transformed into an increasingly intertwined and complex cyber-physical energy system. Among others, electrical engineers, computer scientists and governance scholars must work together to collectively transform this power system to support the energy transition. Separate diagrams exist for these fields, such as single-line diagrams and communication diagrams. However, no uniform modeling language exists to create an easy to understand high-level visual representation of cyber-physical energy systems that expose the intricate dependencies stemming from combining these fields. Therefore this paper proposes a novel modeling language and accompanying semantics to create visual diagrams to represent cyber-physical energy systems. Resources are made freely available to create these diagrams.