Digital commoning and its challenges

This article is a reply to Kostakis’ paper ‘In Defense of Digital Commoning’. It welcomes the criticisms raised by Kostakis against our initial account of the Illusion of the Digital Commons. We argue that we can largely defend our initial account by (1) justifying our choice for discussing ‘hybrid’ forms of digital commoning, (2) explaining the strategy of our approach, and (3) offering an additional critique of the digital platform as a basis for political action.