Directed energy deposition and characterization of high-carbon high speed steels

N. Ur Rahman; L. Capuano; S. Cabeza; M. Feinaeugle; A. Garcia-Junceda; M.B. de Rooij; D.T.A. Matthews; G. Walmag; I. Gibson; G.R.B.E. Römer

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2019.100838

Directed energy deposition and characterization of high-carbon high speed steels

N. Ur Rahman^*, L. Capuano, S. Cabeza, M. Feinaeugle, A. Garcia-Junceda, M.B. de Rooij, D.T.A. Matthews, G. Walmag, I. Gibson, G.R.B.E. Römer

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

Directed energy deposition (DED) of two high-carbon high speed steel alloys Fe_bal-C-Cr-Mo-V and Fe_bal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-W_x was performed by using a 4 kW Nd:YAG laser source. The purpose of additive manufacturing was design and evaluation of thermally stable – high temperature wear resistant alloys. High temperature (500 °C) pin-on-disc tests were conducted to investigate the effect of carbides phase fraction on friction and wear. Strain scanning of the powder and additively manufactured materials was carried out by Neutron diffraction. Microstructures of both alloys consisted of a martensitic matrix with networks of primary and eutectic carbides. Micro-hardness (0.5 HV) measurement of all multilayer laser deposits, showed a micro-hardness greater than 700 HV, with no detrimental effect of repetitive laser thermal cycling. Fe_bal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-W_x showed a better high temperature wear resistance due to greater phase fraction of VC and Mo₂C carbides. Fracture surfaces of post-heat treated tensile samples of Fe_bal-C-Cr-Mo-V and Fe_bal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-W_x revealed brittle failures with minimal plasticity. Neutron strain mapping of the metal powders and the additively manufactured materials resulted in a weak diffraction signal and peak widening effect. These results could be explained either by an effect of strong crystallographic texture in the bulk or by the presence of nano- or semi-crystalline phases.

Original language	English
Article number	100838
Journal	Additive manufacturing
Volume	30
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2019.100838
Publication status	Published - 1 Dec 2019

Keywords

Additive manufacturing
Crystallographic texture
High-carbon high speed steel
In-situ oxidation
Inter-granular cracking
Neutron diffraction
Strain mapping
22/4 OA procedure

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.addma.2019.100838

Rahman2019directedFinal published version, 7.41 MBLicence: Taverne

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title = "Directed energy deposition and characterization of high-carbon high speed steels",

abstract = "Directed energy deposition (DED) of two high-carbon high speed steel alloys Febal-C-Cr-Mo-V and Febal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-Wx was performed by using a 4 kW Nd:YAG laser source. The purpose of additive manufacturing was design and evaluation of thermally stable – high temperature wear resistant alloys. High temperature (500 °C) pin-on-disc tests were conducted to investigate the effect of carbides phase fraction on friction and wear. Strain scanning of the powder and additively manufactured materials was carried out by Neutron diffraction. Microstructures of both alloys consisted of a martensitic matrix with networks of primary and eutectic carbides. Micro-hardness (0.5 HV) measurement of all multilayer laser deposits, showed a micro-hardness greater than 700 HV, with no detrimental effect of repetitive laser thermal cycling. Febal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-Wx showed a better high temperature wear resistance due to greater phase fraction of VC and Mo2C carbides. Fracture surfaces of post-heat treated tensile samples of Febal-C-Cr-Mo-V and Febal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-Wx revealed brittle failures with minimal plasticity. Neutron strain mapping of the metal powders and the additively manufactured materials resulted in a weak diffraction signal and peak widening effect. These results could be explained either by an effect of strong crystallographic texture in the bulk or by the presence of nano- or semi-crystalline phases.",

keywords = "Additive manufacturing, Crystallographic texture, High-carbon high speed steel, In-situ oxidation, Inter-granular cracking, Neutron diffraction, Strain mapping, 22/4 OA procedure",

author = "{Ur Rahman}, N. and L. Capuano and S. Cabeza and M. Feinaeugle and A. Garcia-Junceda and {de Rooij}, M.B. and D.T.A. Matthews and G. Walmag and I. Gibson and G.R.B.E. R{\"o}mer",

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T1 - Directed energy deposition and characterization of high-carbon high speed steels

AU - Ur Rahman, N.

AU - Capuano, L.

AU - Cabeza, S.

AU - Feinaeugle, M.

AU - Garcia-Junceda, A.

AU - de Rooij, M.B.

AU - Matthews, D.T.A.

AU - Walmag, G.

AU - Gibson, I.

AU - Römer, G.R.B.E.

PY - 2019/12/1

Y1 - 2019/12/1

N2 - Directed energy deposition (DED) of two high-carbon high speed steel alloys Febal-C-Cr-Mo-V and Febal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-Wx was performed by using a 4 kW Nd:YAG laser source. The purpose of additive manufacturing was design and evaluation of thermally stable – high temperature wear resistant alloys. High temperature (500 °C) pin-on-disc tests were conducted to investigate the effect of carbides phase fraction on friction and wear. Strain scanning of the powder and additively manufactured materials was carried out by Neutron diffraction. Microstructures of both alloys consisted of a martensitic matrix with networks of primary and eutectic carbides. Micro-hardness (0.5 HV) measurement of all multilayer laser deposits, showed a micro-hardness greater than 700 HV, with no detrimental effect of repetitive laser thermal cycling. Febal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-Wx showed a better high temperature wear resistance due to greater phase fraction of VC and Mo2C carbides. Fracture surfaces of post-heat treated tensile samples of Febal-C-Cr-Mo-V and Febal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-Wx revealed brittle failures with minimal plasticity. Neutron strain mapping of the metal powders and the additively manufactured materials resulted in a weak diffraction signal and peak widening effect. These results could be explained either by an effect of strong crystallographic texture in the bulk or by the presence of nano- or semi-crystalline phases.

AB - Directed energy deposition (DED) of two high-carbon high speed steel alloys Febal-C-Cr-Mo-V and Febal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-Wx was performed by using a 4 kW Nd:YAG laser source. The purpose of additive manufacturing was design and evaluation of thermally stable – high temperature wear resistant alloys. High temperature (500 °C) pin-on-disc tests were conducted to investigate the effect of carbides phase fraction on friction and wear. Strain scanning of the powder and additively manufactured materials was carried out by Neutron diffraction. Microstructures of both alloys consisted of a martensitic matrix with networks of primary and eutectic carbides. Micro-hardness (0.5 HV) measurement of all multilayer laser deposits, showed a micro-hardness greater than 700 HV, with no detrimental effect of repetitive laser thermal cycling. Febal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-Wx showed a better high temperature wear resistance due to greater phase fraction of VC and Mo2C carbides. Fracture surfaces of post-heat treated tensile samples of Febal-C-Cr-Mo-V and Febal−x-C-Cr-Mo-V-Wx revealed brittle failures with minimal plasticity. Neutron strain mapping of the metal powders and the additively manufactured materials resulted in a weak diffraction signal and peak widening effect. These results could be explained either by an effect of strong crystallographic texture in the bulk or by the presence of nano- or semi-crystalline phases.

KW - Additive manufacturing

KW - Crystallographic texture

KW - High-carbon high speed steel

KW - In-situ oxidation

KW - Inter-granular cracking

KW - Neutron diffraction

KW - Strain mapping

KW - 22/4 OA procedure

U2 - 10.1016/j.addma.2019.100838

DO - 10.1016/j.addma.2019.100838

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85072705008

SN - 2214-8604

VL - 30

JO - Additive manufacturing

JF - Additive manufacturing

M1 - 100838

ER -

Directed energy deposition and characterization of high-carbon high speed steels

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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