TY - JOUR
T1 - Electrochemical Sensing with Spatially Patterned Pt Octahedra Electrodes
AU - Jonker, Dirk
AU - Eyovge, Cavit
AU - Berenschot, Erwin
AU - Di Palma, Valerio
AU - Wasserberg, Dorothee
AU - Michel-Souzy, Sandra
AU - Jonkheijm, Pascal
AU - Krol, Silke
AU - Gardeniers, Han
AU - Creatore, Mariadriana
AU - Tas, Niels
AU - Susarrey-Arce, Arturo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors. Advanced Materials Technologies published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2024/3/4
Y1 - 2024/3/4
N2 - Locally controlling the position of electrodes in 3D can open new avenues to collect electrochemical signals in complex sensing environments. Implementing such electrodes via an electrical network requires advanced fabrication approaches. This work uses corner lithography and Pt ALD to produce electrochemical 3D electrodes. The approach allows the fabrication of (sub)micrometer size Pt octahedra electrodes spatially supported over 3D fractal-like structures. As a proof of concept, electrochemical sensing of ferrocyanide in biofouling environments, e.g., bovine serum albumin (BSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), is assessed. Differences between before and after BSA addition show a reduction in the active electrode surface area (ΔAeff) ≈49% ± 7% for the flat electrode. In comparison, a ΔAeff reduction of 25% ± 2% for the 3D electrode has been found. The results are accompanied by a 24% ± 16% decrease in peak current for the flat Pt substrate and a 14% ± 5% decrease in peak current for the 3D electrode 24 h after adding BSA. In the case of P. aeruginosa, the 3D electrode retains electrochemical signals, while the flat electrode does not. The results demonstrate that the 3D Pt electrodes are more stable than their flat counterparts under biofouling conditions.
AB - Locally controlling the position of electrodes in 3D can open new avenues to collect electrochemical signals in complex sensing environments. Implementing such electrodes via an electrical network requires advanced fabrication approaches. This work uses corner lithography and Pt ALD to produce electrochemical 3D electrodes. The approach allows the fabrication of (sub)micrometer size Pt octahedra electrodes spatially supported over 3D fractal-like structures. As a proof of concept, electrochemical sensing of ferrocyanide in biofouling environments, e.g., bovine serum albumin (BSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), is assessed. Differences between before and after BSA addition show a reduction in the active electrode surface area (ΔAeff) ≈49% ± 7% for the flat electrode. In comparison, a ΔAeff reduction of 25% ± 2% for the 3D electrode has been found. The results are accompanied by a 24% ± 16% decrease in peak current for the flat Pt substrate and a 14% ± 5% decrease in peak current for the 3D electrode 24 h after adding BSA. In the case of P. aeruginosa, the 3D electrode retains electrochemical signals, while the flat electrode does not. The results demonstrate that the 3D Pt electrodes are more stable than their flat counterparts under biofouling conditions.
KW - UT-Hybrid-D
KW - electrochemistry
KW - fabrication
KW - platinum
KW - sensing
KW - 3D electrodes
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85181715498&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/admt.202300878
DO - 10.1002/admt.202300878
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85181715498
SN - 2365-709X
VL - 9
JO - Advanced Materials Technologies
JF - Advanced Materials Technologies
IS - 5
M1 - 2300878
ER -