Exploring the Use of Two Antennas for Crosscorrelation Spectrum Sensing

M.S. Oude Alink; A.R. Smeenge; Andre B.J. Kokkeler; Eric A.M. Klumperink; Gerardus Johannes Maria Smit; Bram Nauta

doi:10.1109/VETECF.2011.6092916

Exploring the Use of Two Antennas for Crosscorrelation Spectrum Sensing

M.S. Oude Alink, A.R. Smeenge, Andre B.J. Kokkeler, Eric A.M. Klumperink, Gerardus Johannes Maria Smit, Bram Nauta

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › Academic › peer-review

7 Citations (Scopus)

265 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Abstract—Spectrum sensing is one of the key characteristics of a cognitive radio. Energy detection provides maximum flexibility by not relying on any prior knowledge, but suffers from an SNRwall due to noise uncertainty. Crosscorrelation of the outputs of two receiver paths is a technique to reduce the noise level of the total receiver, and hence improves the SNR. The reduction of the noise is limited by correlated noise originating from shared components near the antenna. In this paper we explore the use of a separate antenna for each receiver for crosscorrelation spectrum sensing. One immediate advantage is that due to the removal of the splitter, which was necessary to interface the single antenna to two receivers, the SNR improves, significantly reducing the required measurement time. A lot of the noise correlation can be removed, leading to a lower residual noise floor. The noise at each antenna will still be partially correlated due to mutual coupling, spatial noise correlation and man-made noise. We show that some signal power can be lost in the sensing process due to partial decorrelation of the signal at the two antennas. Fortunately, this seems to be a problem only in highly mobile environments, which makes the use of two-antenna crosscorrelation spectrum sensing an interesting solution towards more reliable energy detection.

Original language	Undefined
Title of host publication	IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall 2011)
Place of Publication	Piscataway
Publisher	IEEE
Pages	1-5
Number of pages	5
ISBN (Print)	978-1-4244-8328-0
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2011.6092916
Publication status	Published - 5 Sep 2011
Event	IEEE 74th Vehicular Technology Conference VTC2011-Fall - San Francisco, United States Duration: 5 Sep 2011 → 8 Sep 2011 Conference number: 74 http://www.ieeevtc.org/vtc2011fall/

Publication series

Name
Publisher	IEEE Press
ISSN (Print)	1090-3038

Conference

Conference	IEEE 74th Vehicular Technology Conference VTC2011-Fall
Abbreviated title	VTC Fall 2011
Country/Territory	United States
City	San Francisco
Period	5/09/11 → 8/09/11
Internet address	http://www.ieeevtc.org/vtc2011fall/

Keywords

IR-78999
EWI-20422
METIS-281526

Access to Document

10.1109/VETECF.2011.6092916

Oude_Alink_VTC_fall_2011Accepted author version, 559 KB

Cite this

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title = "Exploring the Use of Two Antennas for Crosscorrelation Spectrum Sensing",

abstract = "Abstract—Spectrum sensing is one of the key characteristics of a cognitive radio. Energy detection provides maximum flexibility by not relying on any prior knowledge, but suffers from an SNRwall due to noise uncertainty. Crosscorrelation of the outputs of two receiver paths is a technique to reduce the noise level of the total receiver, and hence improves the SNR. The reduction of the noise is limited by correlated noise originating from shared components near the antenna. In this paper we explore the use of a separate antenna for each receiver for crosscorrelation spectrum sensing. One immediate advantage is that due to the removal of the splitter, which was necessary to interface the single antenna to two receivers, the SNR improves, significantly reducing the required measurement time. A lot of the noise correlation can be removed, leading to a lower residual noise floor. The noise at each antenna will still be partially correlated due to mutual coupling, spatial noise correlation and man-made noise. We show that some signal power can be lost in the sensing process due to partial decorrelation of the signal at the two antennas. Fortunately, this seems to be a problem only in highly mobile environments, which makes the use of two-antenna crosscorrelation spectrum sensing an interesting solution towards more reliable energy detection.",

keywords = "IR-78999, EWI-20422, METIS-281526",

author = "{Oude Alink}, M.S. and A.R. Smeenge and Kokkeler, {Andre B.J.} and Klumperink, {Eric A.M.} and Smit, {Gerardus Johannes Maria} and Bram Nauta",

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Oude Alink, MS, Smeenge, AR, Kokkeler, ABJ , Klumperink, EAM, Smit, GJM & Nauta, B 2011, Exploring the Use of Two Antennas for Crosscorrelation Spectrum Sensing. in IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall 2011). IEEE, Piscataway, pp. 1-5, IEEE 74th Vehicular Technology Conference VTC2011-Fall, San Francisco, California, United States, 5/09/11. https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECF.2011.6092916

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T1 - Exploring the Use of Two Antennas for Crosscorrelation Spectrum Sensing

AU - Oude Alink, M.S.

AU - Smeenge, A.R.

AU - Kokkeler, Andre B.J.

AU - Klumperink, Eric A.M.

AU - Smit, Gerardus Johannes Maria

AU - Nauta, Bram

N1 - Conference code: 74

PY - 2011/9/5

Y1 - 2011/9/5

N2 - Abstract—Spectrum sensing is one of the key characteristics of a cognitive radio. Energy detection provides maximum flexibility by not relying on any prior knowledge, but suffers from an SNRwall due to noise uncertainty. Crosscorrelation of the outputs of two receiver paths is a technique to reduce the noise level of the total receiver, and hence improves the SNR. The reduction of the noise is limited by correlated noise originating from shared components near the antenna. In this paper we explore the use of a separate antenna for each receiver for crosscorrelation spectrum sensing. One immediate advantage is that due to the removal of the splitter, which was necessary to interface the single antenna to two receivers, the SNR improves, significantly reducing the required measurement time. A lot of the noise correlation can be removed, leading to a lower residual noise floor. The noise at each antenna will still be partially correlated due to mutual coupling, spatial noise correlation and man-made noise. We show that some signal power can be lost in the sensing process due to partial decorrelation of the signal at the two antennas. Fortunately, this seems to be a problem only in highly mobile environments, which makes the use of two-antenna crosscorrelation spectrum sensing an interesting solution towards more reliable energy detection.

AB - Abstract—Spectrum sensing is one of the key characteristics of a cognitive radio. Energy detection provides maximum flexibility by not relying on any prior knowledge, but suffers from an SNRwall due to noise uncertainty. Crosscorrelation of the outputs of two receiver paths is a technique to reduce the noise level of the total receiver, and hence improves the SNR. The reduction of the noise is limited by correlated noise originating from shared components near the antenna. In this paper we explore the use of a separate antenna for each receiver for crosscorrelation spectrum sensing. One immediate advantage is that due to the removal of the splitter, which was necessary to interface the single antenna to two receivers, the SNR improves, significantly reducing the required measurement time. A lot of the noise correlation can be removed, leading to a lower residual noise floor. The noise at each antenna will still be partially correlated due to mutual coupling, spatial noise correlation and man-made noise. We show that some signal power can be lost in the sensing process due to partial decorrelation of the signal at the two antennas. Fortunately, this seems to be a problem only in highly mobile environments, which makes the use of two-antenna crosscorrelation spectrum sensing an interesting solution towards more reliable energy detection.

KW - IR-78999

KW - EWI-20422

KW - METIS-281526

U2 - 10.1109/VETECF.2011.6092916

DO - 10.1109/VETECF.2011.6092916

M3 - Conference contribution

SN - 978-1-4244-8328-0

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EP - 5

BT - IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall 2011)

PB - IEEE

CY - Piscataway

Y2 - 5 September 2011 through 8 September 2011

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