Fast & Energy Efficient Start-Up of Crystal Oscillators by Self-Timed Energy Injection

Joeri B. Lechevallier; Ronan A.R. van der Zee; Bram  Nauta

doi:10.1109/JSSC.2019.2933143

Fast & Energy Efficient Start-Up of Crystal Oscillators by Self-Timed Energy Injection

Joeri B. Lechevallier^*, Ronan A.R. van der Zee, Bram Nauta

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

19 Citations (Scopus)

925 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Crystal oscillators take a long time and, more importantly, a significant amount of energy to start-up. This article presents a self-timed energy injection technique to quickly start-up a crystal oscillator, for very low energy consumption. This is achieved without a power-hungry oscillator to provide the injection signal. The design considerations are discussed, and a prototype crystal oscillator using the proposed technique is integrated into a 22-nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) technology. Connected to a 50-MHz crystal, the manufactured IC achieves a start-up time of 6 μs, for an energy consumption of just 3.7 nJ.

Original language	English
Article number	8816671
Pages (from-to)	3107-3117
Number of pages	11
Journal	IEEE journal of solid-state circuits
Volume	54
Issue number	11
Early online date	27 Aug 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2019.2933143
Publication status	Published - Nov 2019

Keywords

crystal oscillaters
duty cycling
energy injection
Internet of Things (IoT)
Low power
start-up energy
start-up time

Access to Document

10.1109/JSSC.2019.2933143

J. Lechevallier JSSC Nov 2019Accepted author version, 1.52 MB

19 Citations
1 Article

Energy Efficient Start-up of Crystal Oscillators using Stepwise Charging
Lechevallier, J. B., Bindra, H. S., van der Zee, R. A. R. & Nauta, B., Aug 2021, In: IEEE journal of solid-state circuits. 56, 8, p. 2427-2437 11 p., 9373983.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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11 Citations (Scopus)

825 Downloads (Pure)

Cite this

@article{c13090ea73024761b840215824ec357a,

title = "Fast & Energy Efficient Start-Up of Crystal Oscillators by Self-Timed Energy Injection",

abstract = "Crystal oscillators take a long time and, more importantly, a significant amount of energy to start-up. This article presents a self-timed energy injection technique to quickly start-up a crystal oscillator, for very low energy consumption. This is achieved without a power-hungry oscillator to provide the injection signal. The design considerations are discussed, and a prototype crystal oscillator using the proposed technique is integrated into a 22-nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) technology. Connected to a 50-MHz crystal, the manufactured IC achieves a start-up time of 6 μs, for an energy consumption of just 3.7 nJ. ",

keywords = "crystal oscillaters, duty cycling, energy injection, Internet of Things (IoT), Low power, start-up energy, start-up time",

author = "Lechevallier, {Joeri B.} and {van der Zee}, {Ronan A.R.} and Bram Nauta",

year = "2019",

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language = "English",

volume = "54",

pages = "3107--3117",

journal = "IEEE journal of solid-state circuits",

issn = "0018-9200",

publisher = "IEEE",

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T1 - Fast & Energy Efficient Start-Up of Crystal Oscillators by Self-Timed Energy Injection

AU - Lechevallier, Joeri B.

AU - van der Zee, Ronan A.R.

AU - Nauta, Bram

PY - 2019/11

Y1 - 2019/11

N2 - Crystal oscillators take a long time and, more importantly, a significant amount of energy to start-up. This article presents a self-timed energy injection technique to quickly start-up a crystal oscillator, for very low energy consumption. This is achieved without a power-hungry oscillator to provide the injection signal. The design considerations are discussed, and a prototype crystal oscillator using the proposed technique is integrated into a 22-nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) technology. Connected to a 50-MHz crystal, the manufactured IC achieves a start-up time of 6 μs, for an energy consumption of just 3.7 nJ.

AB - Crystal oscillators take a long time and, more importantly, a significant amount of energy to start-up. This article presents a self-timed energy injection technique to quickly start-up a crystal oscillator, for very low energy consumption. This is achieved without a power-hungry oscillator to provide the injection signal. The design considerations are discussed, and a prototype crystal oscillator using the proposed technique is integrated into a 22-nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI) technology. Connected to a 50-MHz crystal, the manufactured IC achieves a start-up time of 6 μs, for an energy consumption of just 3.7 nJ.

KW - crystal oscillaters

KW - duty cycling

KW - energy injection

KW - Internet of Things (IoT)

KW - Low power

KW - start-up energy

KW - start-up time

U2 - 10.1109/JSSC.2019.2933143

DO - 10.1109/JSSC.2019.2933143

M3 - Article

SN - 0018-9200

VL - 54

SP - 3107

EP - 3117

JO - IEEE journal of solid-state circuits

JF - IEEE journal of solid-state circuits

IS - 11

M1 - 8816671

ER -

Fast & Energy Efficient Start-Up of Crystal Oscillators by Self-Timed Energy Injection

Abstract

Keywords

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Research output

Energy Efficient Start-up of Crystal Oscillators using Stepwise Charging

Cite this