Healthcare Under Society 5.0: A Systematic Literature Review of Applications and Case Studies

Current challenges in healthcare urge the need for more productive and efficient healthcare. Healthcare technologies are expected to address these challenges as part of the Society 5.0 (S5.0) vision. Earlier research revealed a variety of digital architectures under S5.0. However, most research is based on single case studies and no cross-case analysis has been conducted in healthcare. Therefore, this paper aims to identify and analyze health-related applications that are developed and evaluated in case studies under S5.0. More specific, this paper focuses on alignment between the research and development work of the Open Healthcare Platform 2023 (OHP2023) consortium and the S5.0 reference architecture using the Adaptive Integrated Digital Architecture Framework (AIDAF). The PRISMA2020 guidelines were used to conduct a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) regarding healthcare applications and evaluations in case studies under S5.0. The initial search included 94 documents of which 23 documents were selected for this SLR. The SLR extracted 18 applications and six case studies. Based on the SLR, the use of the AIDAF by the OHP2030 consortium is visualized and described for the development of applications under S5.0 and alignment with the S5.0 reference architecture. The main limitation of the SLR is the limited depth of the cross-case analysis. In spite of this limitation, this study contributes to creating a common ground for the OHP2030 consortium, interested healthcare scholars, and professionals, to develop applications under S5.0 and align with the S5.0 reference architecture. Future research may contribute to developing a case study protocol for in-depth and cross-case analysis.