Highly turbulent Taylor-Couette flow

The research issues addressed in this mostly experimental thesis concern highlyturbulent Taylor-Couette (TC) flow (Re>10⁵, implying Ta>10¹¹). We study it ona fundamental level to aid our understanding of (TC) turbulence and to make predictions towards astrophysical disks, and at a practical level as applications can be found in bubble-induced skin-friction drag reduction on ships. In PART I we introduce the new TC facility of our Physics of Fluids group, called the Twente turbulent Taylor-Couette (T³C) facility. It features two independently rotating cylinders of variable radius ratio with accurate rotation rate and temperature control, torque sensing, bubble injection and it is equipped with several local sensors. It is able to reach Reynolds numbers up to 3.4x10⁶. In PART II we focus on highly turbulent single-phase TC flow. We measure the global torque as a function of the driving parameters and we provide local angular velocity measurements. The results are interpreted as the transport of angular velocity, based on the model proposed by Eckhardt, Grossmann & Lohse (2007). Furthermore, we study the turbulence transport in quasi-Keplerian profiles, mimicking astrophysical disks. In PART III we study the effect of bubbles on highly turbulent TC flow, focusing not only onglobal drag reduction, but also on the local bubble distribution and angular velocity profiles. We find that drag reduction is a boundary layer effect and that the deformability of bubbles is crucial for strong drag reduction in bubbly turbulent TC flow.