Abstract
Understanding how blockage influences large wind farms is essential as the first row produces the most energy and is often used as a reference for the subsequent rows. We use large-eddy simulations to investigate wind farm blockage by comparing a stand-alone turbine, an infinite row of turbines, and a wind farm with eight rows. We find that the blockage effect for dense turbine arrays is highly dependent on the non-dimensional turbine spacing. Spanwise neighboring turbines appear to benefit from deflected flow, while close downstream turbines enhance flow over the wind farm, reducing productivity at the front. In agreement with the uniform inflow wind tunnel measurements by Segalini and Dahlberg (2020), we find that the effect of downstream turbines follows a universal trend as a function of the average inter-turbine spacing when the performance of the first wind farm row is normalized with the corresponding isolated row case. However, we also demonstrate that the wind farm layout strongly affects blockage as the results do not follow a universal trend when normalized with the performance of a stand-alone turbine.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 303-314 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | European journal of mechanics. B - Fluids |
Volume | 95 |
Early online date | 18 May 2022 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Sept 2022 |
Keywords
- Wind energy
- Wind farm
- Renewables
- Fluid mechanics
- Fluid dynamics
- Turbulence
- Large eddy simulation
- Blockage
- Power production
- Computational fluid mechanics
- High performance computing
- UT-Hybrid-D