Literature survey on microscopic friction modeling

To better understand contact and friction conditions, experimental and theoretical studies have been performed in order to take microscopic dependencies into account. Friction is developed on microscopic level by adhesion between contacting asperities, the ploughing effect between asperities and the appearance of hydrodynamic friction stresses. The real area of contact, which depends on different flattening and roughening mechanisms, plays an important role in characterizing friction. However, micro models encompassing these mechanisms are generally regarded as toocumbersome to be used in large scale simulations.A literature study has been performed which was focused on existing micromodels, the pros and cons of these models and the translation from micromodels to macromodels. Taking into account the restrictions of current available friction models, a flowchart has been developed which represents the numerical solution procedure of a macroscopic friction model including the most important friction mechanisms.