Locating the information: technologies and challenges

In today’s world the demand for information is growing rapidly due to the human curiosity to explore the inside and the outside of our planet. In a simple analogy, the human body has thousands of “sensors‿, called receptor neurons, to obtain information such as temperature or pressure from the environment. Similarly, recent developments in electronics and wireless communications have led engineers to the design of small-sized, low-power, low-cost sensor nodes, which have the ability to communicate with each other over short distances and collect the information that is sensed [1].