Mapping Indonesian's transition towards a circular economy

While the Indonesian government has proclaimed their support to embrace a circular economy (CE), it appears that implementation is still in the early stage. The transition itself is an on-going process that requires systemic changes in a wide array of different functions, types of organisations and levels of implementation. However, it has not been discussed in advance by how much and to what extent the Indonesian government, businesses, and civil organisations should engage in CE. This paper aims to support the deployment of a CE in Indonesia by analysing the transition movement from linearity to circularity. We argue that, in recent years, the CE concepts, policies, and initiatives that have emerged do respond to the environmental sustainability efforts. In this context, this study provides a systematic mapping tool for policy makers to understand better how Indonesia is actually addressing environmental sustainability, while transitioning towards a CE and by going through different phases. Our descriptive and exploratory analysis is based on a systematic literature analysis and stakeholder interviews to understand the past and recent approaches to the CE transition. We show that different types of policies and instruments - in particular for waste management - have been enforced in this transition process and what kind of challenges may hinder the implementation.