Mechanical forces induced by chemical potential: From thermodynamic principles to environmental applications

Jacco H. Snoeijer; Bruno Andreotti

doi:10.1119/5.0252905

Mechanical forces induced by chemical potential: From thermodynamic principles to environmental applications

Jacco H. Snoeijer
, Bruno Andreotti^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

What type of forces and motions can be generated by the chemical potential? We address this question through a set of environmentally relevant phenomena in which the chemical potential plays a crucial role. These phenomena include atmospheric pressure, osmotic energy production, and the nucleation of cloud drops, which also illustrate the relationship between the chemical potential and Newtonian forces.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	272-282
Number of pages	11
Journal	American journal of physics
Volume	94
Issue number	4
Early online date	1 Apr 2026
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1119/5.0252905
Publication status	Published - Apr 2026

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abstract = "What type of forces and motions can be generated by the chemical potential? We address this question through a set of environmentally relevant phenomena in which the chemical potential plays a crucial role. These phenomena include atmospheric pressure, osmotic energy production, and the nucleation of cloud drops, which also illustrate the relationship between the chemical potential and Newtonian forces.",

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Mechanical forces induced by chemical potential: From thermodynamic principles to environmental applications

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