TY - JOUR
T1 - Mimic of the Cellular Antioxidant Defense System for a Sustainable Regeneration of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD)
AU - Jo, Seong-Min
AU - Zhang, Kai A. I.
AU - Wurm, Frederik R.
AU - Landfester, Katharina
PY - 2020/6/10
Y1 - 2020/6/10
N2 - The prolonged use of enzymes under oxidative stress is a major challenge in enabling effective enzymatic reaction pathways. Herein, we report a biomimetic antioxidant defensive strategy capable of providing adequate protection of enzymes against superoxide-mediated oxidation. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were chosen as scavengers and covalently encapsulated into silica nanoreactors, together with glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), which simultaneously should produce the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH, reduced form). By the enzymatic reactions of SOD and CAT, the interior of silica nanoreactors becomes a “ROS safe zone” to protect the glucose-dependent NADH production of coencapsulated GDH. We further combined this protected NADH-producing module with photocatalytic nanoparticles that enable the light-triggered oxidation of NADH back to NAD+ (oxidized form). In combination, these two modules allow interconversion between NAD+ and NADH by the addition of glucose or by light irradiation (LED lamp or sunlight). This protection and regeneration strategy is a versatile tool for enzyme applications for biological reactors, catalysis, or prototypes of artificial organelles or building blocks that contains fragile biomolecules and rely on the coenzyme NAD+/NADH.
AB - The prolonged use of enzymes under oxidative stress is a major challenge in enabling effective enzymatic reaction pathways. Herein, we report a biomimetic antioxidant defensive strategy capable of providing adequate protection of enzymes against superoxide-mediated oxidation. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were chosen as scavengers and covalently encapsulated into silica nanoreactors, together with glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), which simultaneously should produce the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH, reduced form). By the enzymatic reactions of SOD and CAT, the interior of silica nanoreactors becomes a “ROS safe zone” to protect the glucose-dependent NADH production of coencapsulated GDH. We further combined this protected NADH-producing module with photocatalytic nanoparticles that enable the light-triggered oxidation of NADH back to NAD+ (oxidized form). In combination, these two modules allow interconversion between NAD+ and NADH by the addition of glucose or by light irradiation (LED lamp or sunlight). This protection and regeneration strategy is a versatile tool for enzyme applications for biological reactors, catalysis, or prototypes of artificial organelles or building blocks that contains fragile biomolecules and rely on the coenzyme NAD+/NADH.
KW - NAD regeneration
KW - antioxidant nanoreactors
KW - biomimetic nanoreactors
KW - cell mimics
KW - silica
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85085885366&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acsami.0c05588
DO - 10.1021/acsami.0c05588
M3 - Article
SN - 1944-8244
VL - 12
SP - 25625
EP - 25632
JO - ACS applied materials & interfaces
JF - ACS applied materials & interfaces
IS - 23
ER -