Abstract
Patients with a central nervous system injury resulting in total or partial paralysis of extremities often have an intact peripheral neuromuscular system. Many attempts were made to restore lost functions by artificial electrical stimulation of the peripheral neuromuscular system. In principle, inducing muscle contraction is possible through electrical stimulation of the ventral roots, the peripheral nerves or the muscles themselves.
In the latter case the nerve branches in the muscle are stimulated rather than the muscle fibers themselves (Grandjean and Mortimer, 1984; Eichhorn et al., 1984). The stimulation electrodes can be applied on the surface of the skin (transcutaneous stimulation), through the skin (percutaneous stimulation) or by implantation (transcutaneous stimulation)
In the latter case the nerve branches in the muscle are stimulated rather than the muscle fibers themselves (Grandjean and Mortimer, 1984; Eichhorn et al., 1984). The stimulation electrodes can be applied on the surface of the skin (transcutaneous stimulation), through the skin (percutaneous stimulation) or by implantation (transcutaneous stimulation)
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Robots and biological systems |
Subtitle of host publication | towards a new bionics? |
Editors | Paolo Dario, Giulio Sandini, Patrick Aebischer |
Place of Publication | Berlin, Heidelberg |
Publisher | Springer |
Pages | 605-623 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 978-3-642-58069-7 |
ISBN (Print) | 978-3-642-63461-1 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1993 |
Event | NATO Advanced Workshop on Robots and Biological Systems 1989 - II Ciocco, Castelvecchio Pascoli, Italy Duration: 26 Jun 1989 → 30 Jun 1989 |
Publication series
Name | NATO ASI Series F: Computer and Systems Sciences |
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Publisher | Springer |
Volume | 102 |
Workshop
Workshop | NATO Advanced Workshop on Robots and Biological Systems 1989 |
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Country/Territory | Italy |
City | Castelvecchio Pascoli |
Period | 26/06/89 → 30/06/89 |
Keywords
- METIS-112515
- Nerve Fiber
- Motor Unit
- Nerve Stimulation
- Functional Electrical Stimulation
- Motor Unit Recruitment