Multi-objective optimization of CCUS supply chains for European countries with higher carbon dioxide emissions

This research work wants to overcome the gap present in the literature, reformulating our single optimization problems of a CCUS supply chain for Germany, Italy and the UK (European countries with higher carbon dioxide emissions) as bi-objective problems. The amount of captured carbon dioxide is maximized while total costs are minimized at the same time. Results show that, for solving this problem, the augmented ϵ-constraint method is more efficient than the traditional ϵ-constraint method, and the respective Pareto fronts with environmentally and economically efficient solutions are obtained. These plots are utilized to suggest scenarios for a decision maker, considering only the total costs objective function (the scenario with the minimum value of net total cost is selected) or both objective functions (the scenario with the shortest distance from the Utopia point is chosen). In the second option, the CCUS supply chain of Germany is that closest to the ideal conditions, even if the system has the highest costs.