Observasi Eksperimental Fenomena Superluminal di Bidang Elektro

Superluminal atau faster-than-light (FTL) adalah fenomena propagasi yang lebih cepat dari laju cahaya di vakum (c). Fenomena ini sering menimbulkan kontroversi karena dianggap tidak konsisten dengan teori relativitas khusus. Makalah ini melaporkan dua observasi eksperimental dari fenomena superluminal yang dilakukan di laboratorium-laboratorium teknik elektro. Observasi pertama dilakukan di laboratorium telekomunikasi terhadap propagasi pulsa optik halus melalui two-port ring-resonator circuit (TPRR) di mana berhasil diamati, group velocity yang negatif (yang juga termasuk fenomena superluminal) dengan group delay sampai sebesar – 0,43 ns. Observasi kedua dilakukan terhadap rangkaian differensiator elektronika di laboratorium elektronika terhadap propagasi pulsa listrik halus yang mendapatkan group delay sampai sebesar – 780 ms. Hasil observasi dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Korelasi silang antara pulsa masukan dan keluaran menunjukkan bahwa nilai korelasi silang kedua pulsa mengecil bila delay negatif semakin besar. Hasil-hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa kedua sistem yang diobservasi adalah sistem-sistem kausal yang mematuhi teori relativitas khusus. Experimental Observation of Superluminal Phenomenon in Electrical Engineering Superluminal or faster-than-light (FTL) is a phenomenon of propagation of faster than light speed in vacuum (c). This phenomenon often causes controversy as sometimes assumed to be inconsistent with special relativity theory. This paper reports two experimental observations of superluminal phenomenon carried out in electrical engineering laboratories. The first observation was performed in a telecommunication laboratory on propagation of a smooth optical pulse across a two-port ring-resonator circuit (TPRR), where negative group velocity (which is also counted as superluminal phenomenon) with group delay up to – 0.43 ns was observed. The second observation was performed on an electronic differentiator circuit in an electronics laboratory on the propagation of a smooth electrical pulse which gave group delay of up to – 780 ms. The observation was analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Cross correlation analyzes between the input and output pulse shows that the value of the cross correlation decreases if the negative delay increases. These results indicate that the two observed systems are causal systems which obey the special relativity theory.