TY - JOUR
T1 - On-chip electrocatalytic NO sensing using ruthenium oxide nanorods
AU - Tanumihardja, E.
AU - Paradelo Rodríguez, A.
AU - Loessberg-Zahl, J.T.
AU - Mei, B.
AU - Olthuis, W.
AU - van den Berg, A.
N1 - Elsevier deal
Funding Information:
This research was funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 669768, VESCEL project). Great thanks are extended to Andries van der Meer and Mathieu Odijk for their valuable scientific input. Many thanks are also extended to Paul ter Braak and Elsbeth Bossink for their input and help especially for the biological experiments. Authors are also deeply grateful of Johan Bomer for his technical input and assistance, of Hans de Boer for his work in the fabrication of chip-holder, and of Jasper Lozeman for the discussions about mass-spectrometry and his input in manuscript preparation.
Funding Information:
This research was funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement n o 669768 , VESCEL project).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s)
Financial transaction number:
342108133, 342109100
PY - 2021/5/1
Y1 - 2021/5/1
N2 - Online, on-chip measurement of nitric oxide (NO) in organ-on-chip devices is desired to study endothelial (dys)function under dynamic conditions. In this work, ruthenium oxide (RuOx) is explored as an amperometric NO sensor and its suitability for organ-on-chip applications. For testing purposes, diethylamine NONOate was used as chemical NO donor. The NONOate's NO generation and electrochemical oxidation of generated NO were confirmed by real-time electrochemical/mass-spectrometry. Using RuOx nanorods electrodes, we show that NO oxidation occurred at a lower onset potential (+675 mV vs. Ag/AgCl) than on bare Pt electrode (+800 mV vs. Ag/AgCl). Due to NO adsorption on the RuOx surface, NO oxidation also delivered a higher current density (33.5 nA.μM−1. cm-2) compared to bare Pt (19.6 nA.μM−1. cm-2), making RuOx nanorods a favourable electrode for NO sensing applications. The RuOx electrode's suitability for organ-on-chip applications was successfully tested by using the electrode to detect a few micromolar concentration of NO generated by endothelial cell culture. Overall, the RuOx nanorods proved to be suitable for organ-on-chip studies due to their high sensitivity and selectivity. Our chip-integrated electrode allows for online NO monitoring in biologically relevant in vitro experiments.
AB - Online, on-chip measurement of nitric oxide (NO) in organ-on-chip devices is desired to study endothelial (dys)function under dynamic conditions. In this work, ruthenium oxide (RuOx) is explored as an amperometric NO sensor and its suitability for organ-on-chip applications. For testing purposes, diethylamine NONOate was used as chemical NO donor. The NONOate's NO generation and electrochemical oxidation of generated NO were confirmed by real-time electrochemical/mass-spectrometry. Using RuOx nanorods electrodes, we show that NO oxidation occurred at a lower onset potential (+675 mV vs. Ag/AgCl) than on bare Pt electrode (+800 mV vs. Ag/AgCl). Due to NO adsorption on the RuOx surface, NO oxidation also delivered a higher current density (33.5 nA.μM−1. cm-2) compared to bare Pt (19.6 nA.μM−1. cm-2), making RuOx nanorods a favourable electrode for NO sensing applications. The RuOx electrode's suitability for organ-on-chip applications was successfully tested by using the electrode to detect a few micromolar concentration of NO generated by endothelial cell culture. Overall, the RuOx nanorods proved to be suitable for organ-on-chip studies due to their high sensitivity and selectivity. Our chip-integrated electrode allows for online NO monitoring in biologically relevant in vitro experiments.
KW - UT-Hybrid-D
KW - Electrocatalytic
KW - Endothelial cells
KW - Nitric oxide
KW - Real-time mass-spectrometry
KW - Ruthenium oxide
KW - Amperometric sensing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85100864832&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.snb.2021.129631
DO - 10.1016/j.snb.2021.129631
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85100864832
SN - 0925-4005
VL - 334
JO - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
JF - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical
M1 - 129631
ER -