Oxidative stress in patients with end-stage renal disease prior to the start of renal replacement therapy

Sabine H.A. Diepeveen*, Gertie H.W.E. Verhoeven, Job Van Der Palen, Bert L.D. Dikkeschei, Lambertus J. Van Tits, Geert Kolsters, Joop J.G. Offerman, Henk J.G. Bilo, Anton F.H. Stalenhoef

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

36 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background/Aim: In patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), cardiovascular complications are the main cause of death. Increased oxidative stress is one of the risk factors for enhanced atherosclerosis in this population. Literature data vary partially dependent on differences in methodology. The present study compares three different methods: plasma lipid peroxides, the newly developed measurement of circulating oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) particles and the frequently used copper-induced LDL oxidation lag time. Methods: We assessed plasma lipid peroxides, circulating Ox-LDL and in vitro copper-induced LDL oxidation lag time in 47 non-diabetic patients with ESRD, at the start of renal replacement therapy, and compared these with 41 age- and sex-matched controls. Results: In ESRD, total cholesterol (4.6 ± 1.1 vs. 5.6 ± 0.9 mmol/l; p < 0.001), LDL cholesterol (2.8 ± 0.8 vs. 3.5 ± 0.7 mmol/l; p < 0.001) and HDL cholesterol (1.0 ± 0.3 vs. 1.4 ± 0.4 mmol/l; p < 0.001) were lower compared to controls. Plasma lipid peroxides were higher (1.1 ± 0.5 vs. 0.8 ± 0.5 μmol/l; p = 0.003) in ESRD. No differences were observed in plasma Ox-LDL (63.1 ± 62.0 vs. 55.3 ± 48.0 mg/l). However, due to the lower plasma LDL cholesterol in ESRD, LDL oxidation level was increased in ESRD (7.1 ± 0.1 vs. 4.2 ± 0.3%; p = 0.03). LDL lag time was slightly longer (89 ± 11 vs. 84 ± 11 min; p = 0.04) in ESRD. There were no significant differences regarding the amount and rate of dienes produced. Conclusions: Elevated levels of lipid peroxides and higher LDL oxidation levels support the theory that ESRD is associated with increased oxidative stress, which may explain the accelerated atherosclerosis. The measured amount of oxidative stress is not reflected by in vitro oxidizability of LDL.

Original languageEnglish
JournalNephron Clinical Practice
Volume98
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 7 Oct 2004
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • End-stage renal disease
  • Lag time of in vitro LDL oxidation
  • Lipid peroxides
  • Oxidative stress
  • Oxidized LDL

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