TY - JOUR
T1 - Polyurethane Recycling
T2 - Conversion of Carbamates—Catalysis, Side-Reactions and Mole Balance
AU - Zamani, Shahab
AU - Lange, Jean-Paul
AU - Kersten, Sascha R.A.
AU - Ruiz, M. Pilar
N1 - Funding Information:
Shell Global Solutions International B.V. provided the funds used to support the research of this manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
Financial transaction number:
6100008066
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - Diisocyanates, a key monomer in polyurethane, are generally lost during recycling. Polyurethane alcoholysis to carbamate and subsequent cracking to isocyanate represents a promising, phosgene-free recycling route. This work reports the thermal and catalytic cracking of a model carbamate (Methyl N-phenyl carbamate, MPC) to isocyanate (Phenyl isocyanate). Multiple catalysts (ZnO, Bi2O3, Al2O3, and Montmorillonite K-10) were evaluated in a closed system (batch autoclaves) to decompose MPC at temperatures of 160–200 °C, with a thorough analysis of the products and high (≥90%) mole balance. The thermal reaction was very limited at these temperatures, whereas the catalytic reaction led mainly to aniline and urea and seemed to be dominated by water adsorbed on the catalyst surface.
AB - Diisocyanates, a key monomer in polyurethane, are generally lost during recycling. Polyurethane alcoholysis to carbamate and subsequent cracking to isocyanate represents a promising, phosgene-free recycling route. This work reports the thermal and catalytic cracking of a model carbamate (Methyl N-phenyl carbamate, MPC) to isocyanate (Phenyl isocyanate). Multiple catalysts (ZnO, Bi2O3, Al2O3, and Montmorillonite K-10) were evaluated in a closed system (batch autoclaves) to decompose MPC at temperatures of 160–200 °C, with a thorough analysis of the products and high (≥90%) mole balance. The thermal reaction was very limited at these temperatures, whereas the catalytic reaction led mainly to aniline and urea and seemed to be dominated by water adsorbed on the catalyst surface.
KW - carbamates
KW - isocyanates
KW - polyurethanes
KW - recycling
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85142453082&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/polym14224869
DO - 10.3390/polym14224869
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85142453082
SN - 2073-4360
VL - 14
JO - Polymers
JF - Polymers
IS - 22
M1 - 4869
ER -