TY - JOUR
T1 - Postoperative displacement of deep brain stimulation electrodes related to lead-anchoring technique
AU - Contarino, M. Fiorella
AU - Bot, Maarten
AU - Speelman, Johannes D.
AU - De Bie, Rob M.A.
AU - Tijssen, Marina A.
AU - Denys, Damiaan
AU - Bour, Lo J.
AU - Schuurman, P. Richard
AU - Van Den Munckhof, Pepijn
PY - 2013/10/1
Y1 - 2013/10/1
N2 - BACKGROUND:: Displacement of deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes may occur after surgery, especially due to large subdural air collections, but other factors might contribute. OBJECTIVE:: To investigate factors potentially contributing to postoperative electrode displacement, in particular, different lead-anchoring techniques. METHODS:: We retrospectively analyzed 55 patients (106 electrodes) with Parkinson disease, dystonia, tremor, and obsessive-compulsive disorder in whom early postoperative and long-term follow-up computed tomography (CT) was performed. Electrodes were anchored with a titanium microplate or with a commercially available plastic cap system. Two independent examiners determined the stereotactic coordinates of the deepest DBS contact on early postoperative and long-term follow-up CT. The influence of age, surgery duration, subdural air volume, use of microrecordings, fixation method, follow-up time, and side operated on first was assessed. RESULTS:: Subdural air collections measured on average 4.3 ± 6.2 cm. Three-dimensional (3-D) electrode displacement and displacement in the X, Y, and Z axes significantly correlated only with the anchoring method, with larger displacement for microplate-anchored electrodes. The average 3-D displacement for microplate-anchored electrodes was 2.3 ± 2.0 mm vs 1.5 ± 0.6 mm for electrodes anchored with the plastic cap (P = .030). Fifty percent of the microplate-anchored electrodes showed 2-mm or greater (potentially relevant) 3-D displacement vs only 25% of the plastic cap-anchored electrodes (P < .01). CONCLUSION:: The commercially available plastic cap system is more efficient in preventing postoperative DBS electrode displacement than titanium microplates. A reliability analysis of the electrode fixation is warranted when alternative anchoring methods are used.
AB - BACKGROUND:: Displacement of deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes may occur after surgery, especially due to large subdural air collections, but other factors might contribute. OBJECTIVE:: To investigate factors potentially contributing to postoperative electrode displacement, in particular, different lead-anchoring techniques. METHODS:: We retrospectively analyzed 55 patients (106 electrodes) with Parkinson disease, dystonia, tremor, and obsessive-compulsive disorder in whom early postoperative and long-term follow-up computed tomography (CT) was performed. Electrodes were anchored with a titanium microplate or with a commercially available plastic cap system. Two independent examiners determined the stereotactic coordinates of the deepest DBS contact on early postoperative and long-term follow-up CT. The influence of age, surgery duration, subdural air volume, use of microrecordings, fixation method, follow-up time, and side operated on first was assessed. RESULTS:: Subdural air collections measured on average 4.3 ± 6.2 cm. Three-dimensional (3-D) electrode displacement and displacement in the X, Y, and Z axes significantly correlated only with the anchoring method, with larger displacement for microplate-anchored electrodes. The average 3-D displacement for microplate-anchored electrodes was 2.3 ± 2.0 mm vs 1.5 ± 0.6 mm for electrodes anchored with the plastic cap (P = .030). Fifty percent of the microplate-anchored electrodes showed 2-mm or greater (potentially relevant) 3-D displacement vs only 25% of the plastic cap-anchored electrodes (P < .01). CONCLUSION:: The commercially available plastic cap system is more efficient in preventing postoperative DBS electrode displacement than titanium microplates. A reliability analysis of the electrode fixation is warranted when alternative anchoring methods are used.
KW - Deep brain stimulation
KW - Electrode displacement
KW - Fixation method
KW - Image coregistration
KW - Microplate
KW - Plastic cap anchoring system
KW - Stereotactic surgery
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84885062628&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1227/NEU.0000000000000079
DO - 10.1227/NEU.0000000000000079
M3 - Article
C2 - 23842551
AN - SCOPUS:84885062628
VL - 73
SP - 681
EP - 688
JO - Neurosurgery
JF - Neurosurgery
SN - 0148-396X
IS - 4
ER -