Predicting friction at the bone–implant interface in cementless total knee arthroplasty

Erik de Vries; Esther Sánchez; Dennis Janssen; David Matthews; Emile van der Heide

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105103

Predicting friction at the bone–implant interface in cementless total knee arthroplasty

Erik de Vries^*, Esther Sánchez, Dennis Janssen, David Matthews, Emile van der Heide

^*Corresponding author for this work

Surface Technology and Tribology

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Abstract

Cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) components have rough and porous surface coatings which can enhance bone ingrowth and stability at the bone-implant. To achieve primary stability in the postoperative period where no apposition is formed, the resistance against motions between bone and implant is optimized by increasing the friction at the interface. This is necessary, as excessive relative motions can inhibit bone ingrowth, which might result in loosening and pain. In this research, it was found that the friction can be predicted by measuring the surface morphology of rough implants, and calculating the corresponding perpendicular and lateral contact area parameters. The ratio between these areas, is used to predict the resulting coefficient of friction (COF). This is validated experimentally, by analysing the tribological behaviour of 2 porous and rough titanium coatings against human cadaveric knee bones using reciprocal friction tests with varying normal loads. The results for 2 different coatings showed similar findings for the predicted COF (0.75 and 0.88) versus the calculated values based on the measurement (0.82 and 0.86) proving the feasibility of the approach.

Original language	English
Article number	105103
Journal	Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials
Volume	128
Early online date	29 Jan 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105103
Publication status	Published - Apr 2022

Keywords

Bone
Cementless fixation
Friction
Implant
Ploughing
Roughness
UT-Hybrid-D

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title = "Predicting friction at the bone–implant interface in cementless total knee arthroplasty",

abstract = "Cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) components have rough and porous surface coatings which can enhance bone ingrowth and stability at the bone-implant. To achieve primary stability in the postoperative period where no apposition is formed, the resistance against motions between bone and implant is optimized by increasing the friction at the interface. This is necessary, as excessive relative motions can inhibit bone ingrowth, which might result in loosening and pain. In this research, it was found that the friction can be predicted by measuring the surface morphology of rough implants, and calculating the corresponding perpendicular and lateral contact area parameters. The ratio between these areas, is used to predict the resulting coefficient of friction (COF). This is validated experimentally, by analysing the tribological behaviour of 2 porous and rough titanium coatings against human cadaveric knee bones using reciprocal friction tests with varying normal loads. The results for 2 different coatings showed similar findings for the predicted COF (0.75 and 0.88) versus the calculated values based on the measurement (0.82 and 0.86) proving the feasibility of the approach.",

keywords = "Bone, Cementless fixation, Friction, Implant, Ploughing, Roughness, UT-Hybrid-D",

author = "{de Vries}, Erik and Esther S{\'a}nchez and Dennis Janssen and David Matthews and {van der Heide}, Emile",

note = "Funding Information: Simplified normalised plane-strain finite elements calculations in COMSOL showed the difference between a centrally loaded, fully supported asperity and an asperity in the same size range of the trabeculae. In the simulation the Young's modulus versus yield stress ratio of 100 was used (Wang et al., 2015). The ball was indented to a distance r/2. This resulted in load ratios between solid and edge support of 2.7 at maximum depth (Fig. 13). This was consistent with the statement in Section 2 where the contact pressure reduced to the yield stress. From these calculations it is assumed that the final contacting implant surface area does not exceed 20% and therefore this value was used for surface analyses. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors",

year = "2022",

month = apr,

doi = "10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105103",

language = "English",

volume = "128",

journal = "Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials",

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AU - de Vries, Erik

AU - Sánchez, Esther

AU - Janssen, Dennis

AU - Matthews, David

AU - van der Heide, Emile

N1 - Funding Information: Simplified normalised plane-strain finite elements calculations in COMSOL showed the difference between a centrally loaded, fully supported asperity and an asperity in the same size range of the trabeculae. In the simulation the Young's modulus versus yield stress ratio of 100 was used (Wang et al., 2015). The ball was indented to a distance r/2. This resulted in load ratios between solid and edge support of 2.7 at maximum depth (Fig. 13). This was consistent with the statement in Section 2 where the contact pressure reduced to the yield stress. From these calculations it is assumed that the final contacting implant surface area does not exceed 20% and therefore this value was used for surface analyses. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors

PY - 2022/4

Y1 - 2022/4

N2 - Cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) components have rough and porous surface coatings which can enhance bone ingrowth and stability at the bone-implant. To achieve primary stability in the postoperative period where no apposition is formed, the resistance against motions between bone and implant is optimized by increasing the friction at the interface. This is necessary, as excessive relative motions can inhibit bone ingrowth, which might result in loosening and pain. In this research, it was found that the friction can be predicted by measuring the surface morphology of rough implants, and calculating the corresponding perpendicular and lateral contact area parameters. The ratio between these areas, is used to predict the resulting coefficient of friction (COF). This is validated experimentally, by analysing the tribological behaviour of 2 porous and rough titanium coatings against human cadaveric knee bones using reciprocal friction tests with varying normal loads. The results for 2 different coatings showed similar findings for the predicted COF (0.75 and 0.88) versus the calculated values based on the measurement (0.82 and 0.86) proving the feasibility of the approach.

AB - Cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) components have rough and porous surface coatings which can enhance bone ingrowth and stability at the bone-implant. To achieve primary stability in the postoperative period where no apposition is formed, the resistance against motions between bone and implant is optimized by increasing the friction at the interface. This is necessary, as excessive relative motions can inhibit bone ingrowth, which might result in loosening and pain. In this research, it was found that the friction can be predicted by measuring the surface morphology of rough implants, and calculating the corresponding perpendicular and lateral contact area parameters. The ratio between these areas, is used to predict the resulting coefficient of friction (COF). This is validated experimentally, by analysing the tribological behaviour of 2 porous and rough titanium coatings against human cadaveric knee bones using reciprocal friction tests with varying normal loads. The results for 2 different coatings showed similar findings for the predicted COF (0.75 and 0.88) versus the calculated values based on the measurement (0.82 and 0.86) proving the feasibility of the approach.

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KW - Cementless fixation

KW - Friction

KW - Implant

KW - Ploughing

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KW - UT-Hybrid-D

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JF - Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials

SN - 1751-6161

M1 - 105103

ER -

Predicting friction at the bone–implant interface in cementless total knee arthroplasty

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