@article{bf3fa25f280847abacebb33a58a836dc,
title = "Quantum Spin Hall States and Topological Phase Transition in Germanene",
abstract = "We present the first experimental evidence of a topological phase transition in a monoelemental quantum spin Hall insulator. Particularly, we show that low-buckled epitaxial germanene is a quantum spin Hall insulator with a large bulk gap and robust metallic edges. Applying a critical perpendicular electric field closes the topological gap and makes germanene a Dirac semimetal. Increasing the electric field further results in the opening of a trivial gap and disappearance of the metallic edge states. This electric field-induced switching of the topological state and the sizable gap make germanene suitable for room-temperature topological field-effect transistors, which could revolutionize low-energy electronics.",
keywords = "2023 OA procedure",
author = "Pantelis Bampoulis and Carolien Castenmiller and Klaassen, {Dennis J.} and {van Mil}, Jelle and Yichen Liu and Liu, {Cheng Cheng} and Yugui Yao and Motohiko Ezawa and Rudenko, {Alexander N.} and Zandvliet, {Harold J.W.}",
note = "Funding Information: P. B., C. C., and H. J. W. Z. acknowledge NWO Veni and NWO Grant No. 16PR3237 for financial support. M. E. acknowledges CREST, JST Grant No. JPMJCR20T2 for financial support. A. N. R. acknowledges the European Research Council via Synergy Grant No. 854843 FASTCORR. Y. L., C.-C. L., and Y. Y. acknowledge the National Key R&D Program of China Grant No. 2020YFA0308800 and the NSF of China Grants No. 11922401 and No. 12061131002. P. B. and H. J. W. Z. would also like to acknowledge Professor J. W. M. Hilgenkamp, Professor Thom Palstra, Dr. G. H. L. A. Brocks, and Dr. P. L. de Boeij for fruitful discussions. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 American Physical Society.",
year = "2023",
month = may,
day = "12",
doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.196401",
language = "English",
volume = "130",
journal = "Physical review letters",
issn = "0031-9007",
publisher = "American Physical Society",
number = "19",
}