Recent developments in finite element simulations of the deep drawing process

Some new developments in a finite element code for the deep drawing process are presented in this paper. First the phenomenon of friction is treated. A Stribeck friction model has been developed which accounts for the dependency of the friction coefficient on the local contact conditions. Secondly a new yield criterion has been developed by Vegter. This Vegter yield criterion is based on multi-axial stress states. Finally attention will be paid to reduce the CPUtime of a simulation when drawbeads are used. An equivalent drawbead model has been developed to avoid an enormous increase in calculation time.