@article{e36aae42a4214c45a781a49072aa300e,
title = "Shear‐velocity structure and dynamics beneath the Sicily Channel and surrounding regions of the central Mediterranean inferred from seismic surface waves",
abstract = "The evolution of the Sicily Channel Rift Zone (SCRZ) is thought to accommodate the regional tectonic stresses of the Calabrian subduction system. Much of the observations we have today are either limited to the surface or to the upper crust or deeper from regional seismic tomography, missing important details about the lithospheric structure and dynamics. It is unclear whether the rifting is passive from far-field extensional stresses or active from mantle upwelling beneath. We measure Rayleigh-and Love-wave phase velocities from ambient seismic noise and invert for 3-D shear-velocity and radial anisotropic models. Variations in crustal S-velocities coincide with topographic and tectonic features. The Tyrrhenian Sea has a ∼10 km thin crust, followed by the SCRZ (∼20 km). The thickest crust is beneath the Apennine-Maghrebian Mountains (∼55 km). Areas experiencing extension and intraplate volcanism have positive crustal radial anisotropy (VSH > VSV); areas experiencing compression and subduction-related volcanism have negative anisotropy. The crustal anisotropy across the Channel shows the extent of the extension. Beneath the Tyrrhenian Sea, we find very low sub-Moho S-velocities. In contrast, the SCRZ has a thin mantle lithosphere underlain by a low-velocity zone. The lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary rises from 60 km depth beneath Tunisia to ∼33 km beneath the SCRZ. Negative radial anisotropy in the upper mantle beneath the SCRZ is consistent with vertical mantle flow. We hypothesize a more active mantle upwelling beneath the rift than previously thought from an interplay between poloidal and toroidal fluxes related to the Calabrian slab, which in turn produces uplift at the surface and induces volcanism.",
keywords = "ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, ITC-GOLD",
author = "Agius, {M. R.} and F. Magrini and G. Diaferia and K{\"a}stle, {E. D.} and F. Cammarano and C. Faccenna and F. Funiciello and {van der Meijde}, M.",
note = "Funding Information: The authors thank the Editor Marie Edmonds, and three anonymous reviewers for helping improve the manuscript. The authors are grateful to Aladino Govoni for assisting with the data archive and to Giorgio Arriga for digitizing the faults in the Sicily Channel. The authors thank the seismic network operators for making their data publicly available, and the University of Twente for funding the installation and maintenance of the LiSard stations. The Grant to Department of Science, Roma Tre University (MIUR-Italy Dipartimenti di Eccellenza, Commi 314–337 Legge 232/2016) is acknowledged. M. A. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie grant agreement No. 843696. F. M. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG-German Research Foundation) under the Individual Research Project: SI 1748/4-1. G. D. was supported by the FURTHER project “The role of FlUids in the pReparaTory pHase of EaRthquakes in Southern Apennines” funded by the Strategic Earthquake Department of Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (Italy). E. K. has received funding from the German Science Foundation (DFG, SPP-2017, Project Ha 2403/21-1). Funding Information: The authors thank the Editor Marie Edmonds, and three anonymous reviewers for helping improve the manuscript. The authors are grateful to Aladino Govoni for assisting with the data archive and to Giorgio Arriga for digitizing the faults in the Sicily Channel. The authors thank the seismic network operators for making their data publicly available, and the University of Twente for funding the installation and maintenance of the LiSard stations. The Grant to Department of Science, Roma Tre University (MIUR-Italy Dipartimenti di Eccellenza, Commi 314–337 Legge 232/2016) is acknowledged. M. A. has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie grant agreement No. 843696. F. M. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG - German Research Foundation) under the Individual Research Project: SI 1748/4-1. G. D. was supported by the FURTHER project “The role of FlUids in the pReparaTory pHase of EaRthquakes in Southern Apennines” funded by the Strategic Earthquake Department of Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (Italy). E. K. has received funding from the German Science Foundation (DFG, SPP-2017, Project Ha 2403/21-1). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors.",
year = "2022",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1029/2022GC010394",
language = "English",
volume = "23",
journal = "Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems",
issn = "1525-2027",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "10",
}