Silicon-Filled rectangular waveguides and frequency scanning antennas for mm-Wave integrated systems

We present a technology for the manufacturing of silicon- filled integrated waveguides enabling the realization of lowloss high-performance millimeter-wave passive components and high gain array antennas, thus facilitating the realization of highly integrated millimeter-wave systems. The proposed technology employs deep reactive-ion-etching (DRIE) techniques with aluminum metallization steps to integrate rectangular waveguides with high geometrical accuracy and continuousmetallic side walls. Measurement results of integrated rectangular waveguides are reported exhibiting losses of 0.15 dB/ at 105GHz.Moreover, ultra-wideband coplanar to waveguide transitions with 0.6 dB insertion loss at 105 GHz and return loss better than 15 dB from 80 to 110 GHz are described and characterized. The design, integration and measured performance of a frequency scanning slotted-waveguide array antenna is reported, achieving a measured beam steering capability of 82 within a band of 23 GHz and a half-power beam-width (HPBW) of 8.5 at 96 GHz. Finally, to showcase the capability of this technology to facilitate low-cost mm-wave system level integration, a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) transmitreceive IC for imaging radar applications is flip-chip mounted directly on the integrated array and experimentally characterized.