Simulation of HMA compaction by using FEM

This paper introduces a simulation tool for the compaction process of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) using a roller under varying external conditions. The focus is on the use of the Finite Element Model (FEM) with code DiekA, on its necessary requirements and on the presentation of simulation results. The approach requires the availability of a suitable material model, equipment to measure material parameters and a laboratory-testing program for fitting the correct material parameters. Subsequently, in discussing the simulation results attention is paid to; the principal stresses, strains and shear stresses inside the material during rolling, and the incremental displacements of the material. Furthermore, the simulated density path as a function of depth inside the layer is presented for a series of applied roller passes. In conclusion it can be stated that FEM approaches in general are well suited to simulate compaction processes of HMA on condition that the selected FEM comprises the right features.