Strongly asymmetric doping profiles at mask edges in high energy ion implantation

Rutger C. Wijburg; Gertjan J. Hemink; Jan Middelhoek

doi:10.1109/16.43803

Strongly asymmetric doping profiles at mask edges in high energy ion implantation

Rutger C. Wijburg, Gertjan J. Hemink, Jan Middelhoek

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Abstract

The application of high-energy ion implantation is restricted by an asymmetric doping profile at the mask edges. As a result, buried interconnect cannot easily be formed. Moreover, the holding voltage and threshold voltage of CMOS-processes with retrograde wells may be strongly affected by this asymmetry. It arises from the 7° wafer tilt, which is frequently used to avoid channeling, even in the case of nearly perpendicular (82-85°) mask edges. On the mask side, which is incoming to the ion beam, a trunk to the surface has experimentally been observed. According to two-dimensional Gaussian and advanced Monte Carlo simulations, the doping concentration in this trunk is about 20% of the maximum concentration in the case of a 85° mask angle. The simulations predict the experimental results fairly well. The asymmetry effect of high energy ion implantations can also be visualized in photoresist by means of a damaged region

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	79-87
Number of pages	1990
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
Volume	37
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/16.43803
Publication status	Published - 1990

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title = "Strongly asymmetric doping profiles at mask edges in high energy ion implantation",

abstract = "The application of high-energy ion implantation is restricted by an asymmetric doping profile at the mask edges. As a result, buried interconnect cannot easily be formed. Moreover, the holding voltage and threshold voltage of CMOS-processes with retrograde wells may be strongly affected by this asymmetry. It arises from the 7° wafer tilt, which is frequently used to avoid channeling, even in the case of nearly perpendicular (82-85°) mask edges. On the mask side, which is incoming to the ion beam, a trunk to the surface has experimentally been observed. According to two-dimensional Gaussian and advanced Monte Carlo simulations, the doping concentration in this trunk is about 20% of the maximum concentration in the case of a 85° mask angle. The simulations predict the experimental results fairly well. The asymmetry effect of high energy ion implantations can also be visualized in photoresist by means of a damaged region",

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AB - The application of high-energy ion implantation is restricted by an asymmetric doping profile at the mask edges. As a result, buried interconnect cannot easily be formed. Moreover, the holding voltage and threshold voltage of CMOS-processes with retrograde wells may be strongly affected by this asymmetry. It arises from the 7° wafer tilt, which is frequently used to avoid channeling, even in the case of nearly perpendicular (82-85°) mask edges. On the mask side, which is incoming to the ion beam, a trunk to the surface has experimentally been observed. According to two-dimensional Gaussian and advanced Monte Carlo simulations, the doping concentration in this trunk is about 20% of the maximum concentration in the case of a 85° mask angle. The simulations predict the experimental results fairly well. The asymmetry effect of high energy ion implantations can also be visualized in photoresist by means of a damaged region

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