Surface chemistry-dependent antiviral activity of silver nanoparticles

Terica R. Sinclair, Sanne K. van den Hengel, Brahzil G. Raza, Saskia A. Rutjes, Ana Maria De Roda Husman, Willie J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Hendrik D.W. Roesink, Wiebe M. de Vos*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

24 Citations (Scopus)
134 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The toxicity towards viruses of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been reported to be dependent on several factors such as particle concentration, size, and shape. Although these factors may indeed contribute to the toxicity of AgNPs, the results presented in this work demonstrate that surface chemistry and especially surface charge is a crucial factor governing their antiviral activity. Here, this work investigated the influence of capping agents representing various surface charges ranging from negative to positive. These AgNPs were capped with citrate, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) mercaptoacetic acid (MAA) and (branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI). We show that AgNPs exhibited surface charge-dependent toxicity towards MS2 bacteriophages. Among the capping agents under investigation, BPEI capped AgNPs (Ag/BPEI) exhibited the highest reduction of MS2 resulting in ≥6 log10-units reductions, followed by 4-5 log10-units reductions with PVP and PEG capping's and 3-4 log10-units with MAA and citrate cappings. Bare nanoparticles reported a mere 1-2 log10-units reduction. Electrostatic interaction between the positively charged BPEI-coating and the negatively charged virus surface played a significant role in bringing the MS2 closer to toxic silver ions (Ag+). Further results obtained from TEM showed that Ag/BPEI nanoparticles could directly damage the structure of the MS2 bacteriophages. AgNPs and cationic capping agents' observed synergy can lead to much lower and much more efficient dosing of AgNPs for antiviral applications.

Original languageEnglish
Article number365101
JournalNanotechnology
Volume32
Issue number36
Early online date17 Jun 2021
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 3 Sept 2021

Keywords

  • antiviral
  • silver nanoparticles
  • stabilisation
  • UT-Hybrid-D

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