TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of membrane characteristics on nanofiltration membrane performance during processing of practically saturated salt solutions
AU - Bargeman, Gerrald
AU - Westerink, J.B.
AU - Manuhutu, C.F.H.
AU - ten Kate, A.
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Information on the effect of membrane characteristics on the performance of nanofiltration membranes during processing of concentrated sodium chloride solutions is scarce. This hampers membrane selection for these applications. In this study nanofiltration membranes, ranging from very tight to very open, have been evaluated for processing of sodium chloride solutions obtained from solution mining. Sulfate retention of these membranes is inversely related to their pore radius obtained from membrane characterization. The chloride retention during nanofiltration of practically saturated salt solutions is a function of the sulfate concentration difference between concentrate and permeate. The observed relation is explained by the small sodium chloride chemical potential difference between concentrate and permeate, indicating low membrane resistance for sodium chloride transport. This is concluded from the sodium chloride concentration product ratios of permeate over concentrate, which were found to be between 0.9 and 1 for all membranes evaluated. This ratio is proportionally related to the membrane pore radius obtained from characterization. Based on the results the sulfate and chloride retention of nanofiltration membranes for processing of saturated sodium chloride solutions can now be obtained from a simple characterization experiment.
AB - Information on the effect of membrane characteristics on the performance of nanofiltration membranes during processing of concentrated sodium chloride solutions is scarce. This hampers membrane selection for these applications. In this study nanofiltration membranes, ranging from very tight to very open, have been evaluated for processing of sodium chloride solutions obtained from solution mining. Sulfate retention of these membranes is inversely related to their pore radius obtained from membrane characterization. The chloride retention during nanofiltration of practically saturated salt solutions is a function of the sulfate concentration difference between concentrate and permeate. The observed relation is explained by the small sodium chloride chemical potential difference between concentrate and permeate, indicating low membrane resistance for sodium chloride transport. This is concluded from the sodium chloride concentration product ratios of permeate over concentrate, which were found to be between 0.9 and 1 for all membranes evaluated. This ratio is proportionally related to the membrane pore radius obtained from characterization. Based on the results the sulfate and chloride retention of nanofiltration membranes for processing of saturated sodium chloride solutions can now be obtained from a simple characterization experiment.
KW - IR-103684
U2 - 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.03.039
DO - 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.03.039
M3 - Article
SN - 0376-7388
VL - 485
SP - 112
EP - 122
JO - Journal of membrane science
JF - Journal of membrane science
ER -