The EmojiGrid as a Rating Tool for the Affective Appraisal of Touch

Alexander Toet; Jan B.F. van Erp

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-58147-3

The EmojiGrid as a Rating Tool for the Affective Appraisal of Touch

Alexander Toet^*, Jan B.F. van Erp

^*Corresponding author for this work

Human Media Interaction

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

We evaluated the convergent validity of the new language-independent EmojiGrid rating tool for the affective appraisal of perceived touch events. The EmojiGrid is a rectangular response grid, labeled with facial icons (emoji) that express different degrees of valence and arousal. We previously showed that participants can intuitively and reliably report their affective appraisal of different sensory stimuli (e.g., images, sounds, smells) by clicking on the EmojiGrid, without additional verbal instructions. However, because touch events can be bidirectional and are a dynamic expression of action, we cannot generalize previous results to the touch domain. In this study, participants (N = 65) used the EmojiGrid to report their own emotions when looking at video clips showing different touch events. The video clips were part of a validated database that provided corresponding normative ratings (obtained with a 9-point SAM scale) for each clip. The affective ratings for inter-human touch obtained with the EmojiGrid show excellent agreement with the data provided in the literature (intraclass correlations of .99 for valence and .79 for arousal). For object touch events, these values are .81 and .18, respectively. This may indicate that the EmojiGrid is more sensitive to perspective (sender versus receiver) than classic tools. Also, the relation between valence and arousal shows the classic U-shape at the group level. Thus, the EmojiGrid appears to be a valid graphical self-report instrument for the affective appraisal of perceived touch events, especially for inter-human touch.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	EuroHaptics 2020: Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications
Subtitle of host publication	12th International Conference, EuroHaptics 2020, Leiden, The Netherlands, September 6–9, 2020, Proceedings
Editors	Ilana Nisky, Jess Hartcher-O’Brien, Michaël Wiertlewski, Jeroen Smeets
Place of Publication	Cham
Publisher	Springer
Pages	3-11
ISBN (Electronic)	978-3-030-58147-3
ISBN (Print)	978-3-030-58146-6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58147-3
Publication status	Published - 5 Sept 2020
Event	12th International Conference on Human Haptic Sensing and Touch Enabled Computer Applications, EuroHaptics 2020 - Leiden, Netherlands Duration: 6 Sept 2020 → 9 Sept 2020 Conference number: 12

Publication series

Name	Lecture notes in computer science
Volume	12272

Conference

Conference	12th International Conference on Human Haptic Sensing and Touch Enabled Computer Applications, EuroHaptics 2020
Abbreviated title	EuroHaptics
Country/Territory	Netherlands
City	Leiden
Period	6/09/20 → 9/09/20

Keywords

Affective touch
Valence
Arousal
Emotions
EmojiGrid
SAM

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Toet2020emojiFinal published version, 1.03 MBLicence: CC BY

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Toet, A., & van Erp, J. B. F. (2020). The EmojiGrid as a Rating Tool for the Affective Appraisal of Touch. In I. Nisky, J. Hartcher-O’Brien, M. Wiertlewski, & J. Smeets (Eds.), EuroHaptics 2020: Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications: 12th International Conference, EuroHaptics 2020, Leiden, The Netherlands, September 6–9, 2020, Proceedings (pp. 3-11). (Lecture notes in computer science; Vol. 12272). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58147-3

Toet, Alexander ; van Erp, Jan B.F. / The EmojiGrid as a Rating Tool for the Affective Appraisal of Touch. EuroHaptics 2020: Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications: 12th International Conference, EuroHaptics 2020, Leiden, The Netherlands, September 6–9, 2020, Proceedings. editor / Ilana Nisky ; Jess Hartcher-O’Brien ; Michaël Wiertlewski ; Jeroen Smeets. Cham : Springer, 2020. pp. 3-11 (Lecture notes in computer science).

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title = "The EmojiGrid as a Rating Tool for the Affective Appraisal of Touch",

abstract = "We evaluated the convergent validity of the new language-independent EmojiGrid rating tool for the affective appraisal of perceived touch events. The EmojiGrid is a rectangular response grid, labeled with facial icons (emoji) that express different degrees of valence and arousal. We previously showed that participants can intuitively and reliably report their affective appraisal of different sensory stimuli (e.g., images, sounds, smells) by clicking on the EmojiGrid, without additional verbal instructions. However, because touch events can be bidirectional and are a dynamic expression of action, we cannot generalize previous results to the touch domain. In this study, participants (N = 65) used the EmojiGrid to report their own emotions when looking at video clips showing different touch events. The video clips were part of a validated database that provided corresponding normative ratings (obtained with a 9-point SAM scale) for each clip. The affective ratings for inter-human touch obtained with the EmojiGrid show excellent agreement with the data provided in the literature (intraclass correlations of .99 for valence and .79 for arousal). For object touch events, these values are .81 and .18, respectively. This may indicate that the EmojiGrid is more sensitive to perspective (sender versus receiver) than classic tools. Also, the relation between valence and arousal shows the classic U-shape at the group level. Thus, the EmojiGrid appears to be a valid graphical self-report instrument for the affective appraisal of perceived touch events, especially for inter-human touch.",

keywords = "Affective touch, Valence, Arousal, Emotions, EmojiGrid, SAM",

author = "Alexander Toet and {van Erp}, {Jan B.F.}",

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booktitle = "EuroHaptics 2020: Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications",

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note = "12th International Conference on Human Haptic Sensing and Touch Enabled Computer Applications, EuroHaptics 2020, EuroHaptics ; Conference date: 06-09-2020 Through 09-09-2020",

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Toet, A & van Erp, JBF 2020, The EmojiGrid as a Rating Tool for the Affective Appraisal of Touch. in I Nisky, J Hartcher-O’Brien, M Wiertlewski & J Smeets (eds), EuroHaptics 2020: Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications: 12th International Conference, EuroHaptics 2020, Leiden, The Netherlands, September 6–9, 2020, Proceedings. Lecture notes in computer science, vol. 12272, Springer, Cham, pp. 3-11, 12th International Conference on Human Haptic Sensing and Touch Enabled Computer Applications, EuroHaptics 2020, Leiden, Netherlands, 6/09/20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58147-3

The EmojiGrid as a Rating Tool for the Affective Appraisal of Touch. / Toet, Alexander; van Erp, Jan B.F.
EuroHaptics 2020: Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications: 12th International Conference, EuroHaptics 2020, Leiden, The Netherlands, September 6–9, 2020, Proceedings. ed. / Ilana Nisky; Jess Hartcher-O’Brien; Michaël Wiertlewski; Jeroen Smeets. Cham: Springer, 2020. p. 3-11 (Lecture notes in computer science; Vol. 12272).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › Academic › peer-review

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AU - Toet, Alexander

AU - van Erp, Jan B.F.

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Y1 - 2020/9/5

N2 - We evaluated the convergent validity of the new language-independent EmojiGrid rating tool for the affective appraisal of perceived touch events. The EmojiGrid is a rectangular response grid, labeled with facial icons (emoji) that express different degrees of valence and arousal. We previously showed that participants can intuitively and reliably report their affective appraisal of different sensory stimuli (e.g., images, sounds, smells) by clicking on the EmojiGrid, without additional verbal instructions. However, because touch events can be bidirectional and are a dynamic expression of action, we cannot generalize previous results to the touch domain. In this study, participants (N = 65) used the EmojiGrid to report their own emotions when looking at video clips showing different touch events. The video clips were part of a validated database that provided corresponding normative ratings (obtained with a 9-point SAM scale) for each clip. The affective ratings for inter-human touch obtained with the EmojiGrid show excellent agreement with the data provided in the literature (intraclass correlations of .99 for valence and .79 for arousal). For object touch events, these values are .81 and .18, respectively. This may indicate that the EmojiGrid is more sensitive to perspective (sender versus receiver) than classic tools. Also, the relation between valence and arousal shows the classic U-shape at the group level. Thus, the EmojiGrid appears to be a valid graphical self-report instrument for the affective appraisal of perceived touch events, especially for inter-human touch.

AB - We evaluated the convergent validity of the new language-independent EmojiGrid rating tool for the affective appraisal of perceived touch events. The EmojiGrid is a rectangular response grid, labeled with facial icons (emoji) that express different degrees of valence and arousal. We previously showed that participants can intuitively and reliably report their affective appraisal of different sensory stimuli (e.g., images, sounds, smells) by clicking on the EmojiGrid, without additional verbal instructions. However, because touch events can be bidirectional and are a dynamic expression of action, we cannot generalize previous results to the touch domain. In this study, participants (N = 65) used the EmojiGrid to report their own emotions when looking at video clips showing different touch events. The video clips were part of a validated database that provided corresponding normative ratings (obtained with a 9-point SAM scale) for each clip. The affective ratings for inter-human touch obtained with the EmojiGrid show excellent agreement with the data provided in the literature (intraclass correlations of .99 for valence and .79 for arousal). For object touch events, these values are .81 and .18, respectively. This may indicate that the EmojiGrid is more sensitive to perspective (sender versus receiver) than classic tools. Also, the relation between valence and arousal shows the classic U-shape at the group level. Thus, the EmojiGrid appears to be a valid graphical self-report instrument for the affective appraisal of perceived touch events, especially for inter-human touch.

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Toet A, van Erp JBF. The EmojiGrid as a Rating Tool for the Affective Appraisal of Touch. In Nisky I, Hartcher-O’Brien J, Wiertlewski M, Smeets J, editors, EuroHaptics 2020: Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications: 12th International Conference, EuroHaptics 2020, Leiden, The Netherlands, September 6–9, 2020, Proceedings. Cham: Springer. 2020. p. 3-11. (Lecture notes in computer science). doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-58147-3

The EmojiGrid as a Rating Tool for the Affective Appraisal of Touch

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