TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of phreatomagmatism in the formation of complex monogenetic volcanic systems in a low-lying coastal plain
AU - Foote, April
AU - Handley, H.K.
AU - Németh, Károly
AU - Didonna, Rosa
AU - McGee, Lucy
AU - Griffis, Rebecca
AU - Clerke, Liam
N1 - Funding Information:
Heather Handley reports financial support was provided by Australian Research Council.We thank Brett Donaldson, Villa Maria Winery, Dean McQuoid and Ian Wedding, as well as I H Wedding & Sons (Ltd) for quarry site access. We thank Bruce Hayward for historical photos and personal communications regarding Waitomokia. We appreciate field assistance from Blayne Murhall-Griffith, Elaine Smid and Ian Smith. We thank Jan Lindsay and an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments that have improved the manuscript. We thank Ed Llewellin for editorial handling of this manuscript. This study was supported by a Macquarie University Research Training Program Scholarship awarded to AF and an Australian Research Council Discovery Project (DP150100328) awarded to HH.
Funding Information:
We thank Brett Donaldson, Villa Maria Winery, Dean McQuoid and Ian Wedding, as well as I H Wedding & Sons (Ltd) for quarry site access. We thank Bruce Hayward for historical photos and personal communications regarding Waitomokia. We appreciate field assistance from Blayne Murhall-Griffith, Elaine Smid and Ian Smith. We thank Jan Lindsay and an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments that have improved the manuscript. We thank Ed Llewellin for editorial handling of this manuscript. This study was supported by a Macquarie University Research Training Program Scholarship awarded to AF and an Australian Research Council Discovery Project ( DP150100328 ) awarded to HH.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023/10
Y1 - 2023/10
N2 - Monogenetic volcanoes are characterised worldwide by a single eruptive phase that is short-lived, with small eruptive volumes that produce a wide range and complexity of landforms. Investigating the evolution in eruptive styles through the active history of a volcano is key to understanding the role of phreatomagmatism in the formation of these complex monogenetic systems. The classification of the complexity of a monogenetic volcanic centre is of great significance to understanding both past volcanoes and the hazards of future volcanoes. Complexity can be defined by the number of volcanic structures created, the presence of multiple types of eruptions, and the number of conduits involved. In this paper we reconstruct the volcanic history of the Waitomokia Volcanic Complex, located in the southern lowlands of the active monogenetic Auckland Volcanic Field (AVF), New Zealand. Activity began with deposition of an initial tuff ring, followed by vent migration and establishment of a maar with a surrounding tuff ring. Four smaller tuff rings developed on the north and northeastern rim of the maar. This was followed by the noteworthy deposition of complex intercalated transitional deposits from at least two tuff rings and magmatic deposits from a scoria cone. Three scoria cones were then built within the maar, followed by minor effusion of short lava flows. Waitomokia highlights the prospect of having a complex system with ten or more landforms being created in different areas active at the same time, with associated eruptive styles and mechanisms. The possibility of a complex eruption, where several styles may occur simultaneously from distinct vents, should be considered in hazard assessment and crisis management plans.
AB - Monogenetic volcanoes are characterised worldwide by a single eruptive phase that is short-lived, with small eruptive volumes that produce a wide range and complexity of landforms. Investigating the evolution in eruptive styles through the active history of a volcano is key to understanding the role of phreatomagmatism in the formation of these complex monogenetic systems. The classification of the complexity of a monogenetic volcanic centre is of great significance to understanding both past volcanoes and the hazards of future volcanoes. Complexity can be defined by the number of volcanic structures created, the presence of multiple types of eruptions, and the number of conduits involved. In this paper we reconstruct the volcanic history of the Waitomokia Volcanic Complex, located in the southern lowlands of the active monogenetic Auckland Volcanic Field (AVF), New Zealand. Activity began with deposition of an initial tuff ring, followed by vent migration and establishment of a maar with a surrounding tuff ring. Four smaller tuff rings developed on the north and northeastern rim of the maar. This was followed by the noteworthy deposition of complex intercalated transitional deposits from at least two tuff rings and magmatic deposits from a scoria cone. Three scoria cones were then built within the maar, followed by minor effusion of short lava flows. Waitomokia highlights the prospect of having a complex system with ten or more landforms being created in different areas active at the same time, with associated eruptive styles and mechanisms. The possibility of a complex eruption, where several styles may occur simultaneously from distinct vents, should be considered in hazard assessment and crisis management plans.
KW - ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE
KW - ITC-HYBRID
U2 - 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107899
DO - 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2023.107899
M3 - Article
SN - 0377-0273
VL - 442
JO - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
JF - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
M1 - 107899
ER -