TY - JOUR
T1 - Validation of ultrasound velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics for flow assessment in femoral artery stenotic disease
AU - van de Velde, Lennart
AU - van Helvert, Majorie
AU - Engelhard, Stefan
AU - Ghanbarzadeh-Dagheyan, Ashkan
AU - Mirgolbabaee, Hadi
AU - Voorneveld, Jason
AU - Lajoinie, Guillaume
AU - Versluis, Michel
AU - Reijnen, Michel M.P.J.
AU - Jebbink, Erik Groot
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Authors.
PY - 2024/5/16
Y1 - 2024/5/16
N2 - Purpose: To investigate the accuracy of high-framerate echo particle image velocimetry (ePIV) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for determining velocity vectors in femoral bifurcation models through comparison with optical particle image velocimetry (oPIV). Approach: Separate femoral bifurcation models were built for oPIV and ePIV measurements of a non-stenosed (control) and a 75%-area stenosed common femoral artery. A flow loop was used to create triphasic pulsatile flow. In-plane velocity vectors were measured with oPIV and ePIV. Flow was simulated with CFD using boundary conditions from ePIV and additional duplex-ultrasound (DUS) measurements. Mean differences and 95%-limits of agreement (1.96*SD) of the velocity magnitudes in space and time were compared, and the similarity of vector complexity (VC) and time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) was assessed. Results: Similar flow features were observed between modalities with velocities up to 110 and 330 cm∕s in the control and the stenosed model, respectively. Relative to oPIV, ePIV and CFD-ePIV showed negligible mean differences in velocity (<3 cm∕s), with limits of agreement of ±25 cm∕s (control) and ±34 cm∕s (stenosed). CFD-DUS overestimated velocities with limits of agreements of 13 ± 40 and 16.1 ± 55 cm∕s for the control and stenosed model, respectively. VC showed good agreement, whereas TAWSS showed similar trends but with higher values for ePIV, CFD-DUS, and CFD-ePIV compared to oPIV. Conclusions: EPIV and CFD-ePIV can accurately measure complex flow features in the femoral bifurcation and around a stenosis. CFD-DUS showed larger deviations in velocities making it a less robust technique for hemodynamical assessment. The applied ePIV and CFD techniques enable two- and three-dimensional assessment of local hemodynamics with high spatiotemporal resolution and thereby overcome key limitations of current clinical modalities making them an attractive and cost-effective alternative for hemodynamical assessment in clinical practice.
AB - Purpose: To investigate the accuracy of high-framerate echo particle image velocimetry (ePIV) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for determining velocity vectors in femoral bifurcation models through comparison with optical particle image velocimetry (oPIV). Approach: Separate femoral bifurcation models were built for oPIV and ePIV measurements of a non-stenosed (control) and a 75%-area stenosed common femoral artery. A flow loop was used to create triphasic pulsatile flow. In-plane velocity vectors were measured with oPIV and ePIV. Flow was simulated with CFD using boundary conditions from ePIV and additional duplex-ultrasound (DUS) measurements. Mean differences and 95%-limits of agreement (1.96*SD) of the velocity magnitudes in space and time were compared, and the similarity of vector complexity (VC) and time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) was assessed. Results: Similar flow features were observed between modalities with velocities up to 110 and 330 cm∕s in the control and the stenosed model, respectively. Relative to oPIV, ePIV and CFD-ePIV showed negligible mean differences in velocity (<3 cm∕s), with limits of agreement of ±25 cm∕s (control) and ±34 cm∕s (stenosed). CFD-DUS overestimated velocities with limits of agreements of 13 ± 40 and 16.1 ± 55 cm∕s for the control and stenosed model, respectively. VC showed good agreement, whereas TAWSS showed similar trends but with higher values for ePIV, CFD-DUS, and CFD-ePIV compared to oPIV. Conclusions: EPIV and CFD-ePIV can accurately measure complex flow features in the femoral bifurcation and around a stenosis. CFD-DUS showed larger deviations in velocities making it a less robust technique for hemodynamical assessment. The applied ePIV and CFD techniques enable two- and three-dimensional assessment of local hemodynamics with high spatiotemporal resolution and thereby overcome key limitations of current clinical modalities making them an attractive and cost-effective alternative for hemodynamical assessment in clinical practice.
KW - UT-Hybrid-D
KW - computational fluid dynamics
KW - echo-particle image velocimetry
KW - peripheral arterial disease
KW - stenotic blood flow
KW - ultrafast ultrasound imaging
KW - blood flow imaging
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85197440654&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1117/1.JMI.11.3.037001
DO - 10.1117/1.JMI.11.3.037001
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85197440654
SN - 2329-4302
VL - 11
JO - Journal of medical imaging
JF - Journal of medical imaging
IS - 3
M1 - 2450001
ER -